过去分词即可修饰前面名词又可修饰整个句子，究竟怎么判断？

flyingceleste

 

109.An attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago, has been unsuccessful despite efforts by many important groups, including the National Organization for Women.
     A中的begun紧跟在Amendment后面,很容易被理解为修饰Amendment, 20年前被开始的修正案, 而非attempt阿??

(A) to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,

(B) begun almost two decades ago, for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment

(C) begun for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment almost two decades ago

(D) at ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,（A）
    

         (E) that has begun almost two decades ago to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment

 

877.Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only with an Edison phonograph and insatiable curiosity.

(A) Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only

(B) In 1905, Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, traveling the back roads of Hungary, began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were only armed

(C) In 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, traveling the back roads of Hungary armed only armed怎么可以这么用？明显是修饰Hungary了啊？怎么说它这里做状语修饰 traveling？不明白
      

(D) Having traveled the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology; they were only armed（C）
     

(E)          （E）Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, in 1905 began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology,   traveling the back roads of Hungary, arming themselves only

 

955.Asset allocators create portfolios, often in the form of mutual funds, with the intention to turn in good results in both “bull” and “bear” markets.

(A) with the intention
      

(B) the intention of which is
            

(C) intended         这里难道就没歧义？，过去分词修饰可以修饰整个句子，也可以修饰前面得名词得，这里都可以解释，为何这么用不算错？
       

(D) and intending
                                                   
     （E）so intended as
      

 

ZHE这三道题面临同一个困惑，不知道到底该怎么理解过去分词修饰这个概念了，请教大家，谢谢（字体没法同时放大，似乎只能放大部分，到底是我电脑问题还是网络问题？不好意思，让您看得费心了）

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[此贴子已经被作者于2006-7-13 5:23:59编辑过]

gonghao

109.An attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago, has been unsuccessful despite efforts by many important groups, including the National Organization for Women.
     A中的begun紧跟在Amendment后面,很容易被理解为修饰Amendment, 20年前被开始的修正案, 而非attempt阿??

(A) to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,

(B) begun almost two decades ago, for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment

(C) begun for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment almost two decades ago

(D) at ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,

         (E) that has begun almost two decades ago to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment

这个不会吧，有逗号的，而且后面有has been这样的谓语，显然begun是分词修饰主语attempt，如果是逗号后的which 引导则可能是非限制性定从，修饰‘修正案’

gonghao

 877.Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only with an Edison phonograph and insatiable curiosity.

(A) Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only

(B) In 1905, Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, traveling the back roads of Hungary, began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were only armed

(C) In 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, traveling the back roads of Hungary armed only armed怎么可以这么用？明显是修饰Hungary了啊？怎么说它这里做状语修饰 traveling？不明白
      

(D) Having traveled the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology; they were only armed
     

(E)          （E）Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, in 1905 began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology,   traveling the back roads of Hungary, arming themselves only

 这               这里的B很像是对的，但是细细一看是不对的，因为人名直接加名词是不合适的，一般的分词修饰主语，一般是修饰分句中主语，比如john did sth。。。。，travelling。。。这里是直接john，分词，不对，如果非要用逗号格开并进行修饰的话，有两种，1.同谓语  2.which的非限制性定语从句。至于C，符合了上面所说。只有C能成为答案。这里的分词armed修饰匈牙利这个国家是说不通的。显然是说人，只能用状语来解释了。

gonghao

 955.Asset allocators create portfolios, often in the form of mutual funds, with the intention to turn in good results in both “bull” and “bear” markets.

(A) with the intention
(B) the intention of which is
(C) intended         这里难道就没歧义？，过去分词修饰可以修饰整个句子，也可以修饰前面得名词得，这里都可以解释，为何这么用不算错？
(D) and intending
（E）so intended as

这个题比较的狡猾

如果是这样一个结构你就明白了

Asset allocators create portfolios intended to turn in good results in both “bull” and “bear” markets. 分词修饰portfolios

比如Jane have a dinner with a man born in 1978.句子可能造的不好。但是基本这个意思。这里加入一个插入语，让你觉的前面是分句，造成理解上的障碍。

我一开始看成了插入语+谓语，也歪打正着选了C。汗～～～～

gonghao

我感觉

一般分词有这么几种修饰

1.一种修饰主语的，如，主语+谓语+宾语，分词；分词与主语的关系如果是主动－ing，被动－ed

2.一种做伴随状语，这个似乎主动被动都有，但是主动更常见。比如主语+谓语+宾语+时间状语，分词－ing。再比如主语+谓语+宾语，分词－ed，多见于瞬间动词。如某人去探险，装备着什么。飞船飞过某国领空，投下了炸弹。

3.分词修饰句中的名词成分，直接和名词连接，不加引导词，等于引导词+动词

flyingceleste

以下是引用gonghao在2006-7-13 10:33:00的发言：
 877.Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only with an Edison phonograph and insatiable curiosity.

(A) Traveling the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were armed only

(B) In 1905, Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, traveling the back roads of Hungary, began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were only armed

(C) In 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, traveling the back roads of Hungary armed only armed怎么可以这么用？明显是修饰Hungary了啊？怎么说它这里做状语修饰 traveling？不明白
      

(D) Having traveled the back roads of Hungary, in 1905 Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology; they were only armed
     

(E)          （E）Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, in 1905 began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology,   traveling the back roads of Hungary, arming themselves only

 这               这里的B很像是对的，但是细细一看是不对的，因为人名直接加名词是不合适的，一般的分词修饰主语，一般是修饰分句中主语，比如john did sth。。。。，travelling。。。这里是直接john，分词，不对，如果非要用逗号格开并进行修饰的话，有两种，1.同谓语  2.which的非限制性定语从句。至于C，符合了上面所说。只有C能成为答案。这里的分词armed修饰匈牙利这个国家是说不通的。显然是说人，只能用状语来解释了。

1）这里哪里出现人名直接加名词了？

2）这里的分词armed修饰匈牙利这个国家是说不通的。显然是说人，只能用状语来解释了。

假如语法题都这么分析的话那就不存在歧义了，因为都可以说成修饰。。。是说不通的，所以这里肯定是修饰。。。的，所以不存在歧义

gonghao

1）这里哪里出现人名直接加名词了？

(B) In 1905, Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, traveling the back roads of Hungary, began their pioneering work in ethnomusicology, and they were only armed

这里的traveling the back roads of Hungary直接跟在了Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály,后面，我的意思是这样直接的跟名词后面来修饰名词是不合适的。解决方按有两个，1.分词前置，即分词。。。，名词主语+句子。2.或者去掉逗号直接跟在后面进行修饰

2）假如语法题都这么分析的话那就不存在歧义了，因为都可以说成修饰。。。是说不通的，所以这里肯定是修饰。。。的，所以不存在歧义

对于问题2，其实我说不出是一种具体的什么修饰方式，只是觉的C读起来比较的顺。但是国家armed with Edison phonograph and insatiable curiosity国家装备有edison留声机和无尽的好奇心，这意思上肯定不对啊，只有人才能这样。只能有两种情况，1.修饰主语 2.状语。修饰主语语法上不对因为前面已经有－ing了，不对。所以有人说是状语。其实我做的时候，无论是上面的两个中的哪一个，我觉的都可以作对题目的。C非常的顺。