请教3道og语法

bobee

og154.
In 1791 Robert Carter III, one of the wealthiest plantation owners in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by filing a deed of emancipation, (setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered) his property.
(A)    setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered
(B)    setting free more than the 500 slaves legally considered as
(C)    and set free more than 500 slaves, who were legally considered as
(D)    and set free more than the 500 slaves who were legally considered
(E)    and he set free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered as
正确答案是A  我选的是D
但是该句的结构为 someone do sth by doing sth1, doing sth2. 这个结构中，感觉by doing sth1, doing sht2之间应该有and连接才通顺，如果不用and连接，是不是将setting……作为filing的伴随状语了？
另外，og答案中解释说，BD项中，因为用的是500 slaves，而不是the 500 slaves, 所以没有将500 slaves 特指为Robert Carter所有。 但是BD项中虽然没有使用the，却在500 slaves 后面加上了定语从句“who were legally considered his property”,这样不是也起到了特指的作用么？

og212.
The Baldrick Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy (aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving) the efficiency of its distribution system.
(A)    aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving
(B)    aimed at the decreasing of operating costs and to improve
(C)    aiming at the decreasing of operating costs and improving
(D)    the aim of which is the decreasing of operating costs and improving
(E)    with the aim to decrease operating costs and to improve

正确答案是a，为什么是aimed at 而不是aiming at?


og109.
Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers （that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are） usually held by men.
(A)    that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are
(B)    that pay for jobs historically held by women should be the same as for a job requiring comparable skills
(C)    to pay the same in jobs historically held by women as in jobs of comparable skill that are
(D)    to pay the same regardless of whether a job was historically held by women or is one demanding comparable skills
(E)    to pay as much for jobs historically held by women as for a job demanding comparable skills

正确答案是a
但是该句的结构为 someone1 require of someone2 that ….这个结构是否是正确的？

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-4 17:40:05编辑过]

audreylin100

og154.

(A) setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered

(D) and set free more than the 500 slaves who were legally considered

你說的沒錯,(A)原句確實是 and set free the more than 500 ................
這用了[分詞代替連結詞]的寫法,將 and set 用 ,setting 取代
這寫法在og還會出現喔...

這兩種寫法就文法上都是對的,但(A)比較符合conciseness的原則

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-4 20:57:54编辑过]

audreylin100

og212.
原句為The Baldrick Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy which is aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving the efficiency of its distribution system.

-- policy是被公司制定目標的,所以化簡後還是aimed at

og109.
someone1 require of someone2 that ….这个结构是否是正确的？

我只確認someone1 require of someone2 to ….是對的!其中 of 可以經常省去
你可以參考og181也是考這個句型

bobee

谢谢你哦：）
但是我不大明白，你所说的“原句”是什么？是og的原句？
另外，关于og 109  和 og 181，我也曾作过比较，我认为og181用的不是require of sb to do sth 的句型，如下：

og181.
Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required (to survive) in the electronics industry, an industry marked by rapid innovation and volatile demand, such firms tend to be very large.
(A)    to survive
(B)    of firms to survive
(C)    for surviving
(D)    for survival
(E)    for firms' survival
正确答案是b，
但是这里的意思应该是firms required the enormous research and development expenditures to survive，也即公司要求大量的研发经费以生存，而不是大量的研发经费要求公司生存。所以并不是require sb to do sth