2003年9月总结－语法JJ

remeo

虽说jj对于语法来说用处不是很大。但是一来大家可以通过jj互相讨论提高水平，二来如果考试真碰上了，岂不很爽？不过大家还是斟酌着用，不要迷信答案，不懂就互相讨论。


Verbal: Sentence Correction


机经讨论:
No.6: http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=22&id=15283&replyID=103173&star=1&skin=  
No.6/12/13: http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&id=15936&replyID=108118&star=1&skin=
No.29/34/35: http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=16110


1. 第一题就拿不准，就是“in attemping to " 和“in its attempt to ”那道题。

2. 另外还有一道题考平行结构，时间壮语是“for hundreds of years, when....(这个分句时态是过去时）”，然后紧跟四个动作，A答案是每个动作都用现在完成时，并且都完整的将have标出，have done1,have done 2,have done3, and have done4.E答案四个动作全是过去时，当时犹豫了很久，觉得从时间状语上考虑应用完成时，但是每个have都标出，似乎很累赘，所以选了E,估计错了。

3. 还有一道题，大致是divide electronic books to students ....,答案有for use in place of textbook,for use to replace textbook,to use them to replace textbook, to use them in place of...我选了for use in place of ，也不知道对不对。

4. 想起一道SC about "thanks to.."
______________________, thanks to .....
thanks to = because of.
画线部分需要一个完整的句子
Vidy’s remark:thanks to: owing to，不完全是because of， 有“多亏了、幸亏....”的意思

5. 题目记不住了，但作题的时候要用到 can be done 和 be able to be dong 的区分。后面是错的，be able to 不用被动。

6. (版本1)Government purchased sth for some student to use to replace sth
to use to replace
to use in place of
… them …

(版本2) 刚发现这个月的一题文法是去年的机经....比较完整版. 大家讨论一下.
Question: Goverment distributed eletronic books and computers into high
schools ___________________the textbooks.
1)for use in place of
2)for use to replace
3)to use them to replace
4)to use them in place of

Qxz9524’s remark:
She needed to move closer for me to hear(=so that I could hear) what she was saying.
Government purchased sth for some student to use(=so that some student could use) ….
"use" is a verb that always has an object.
use+object+to infinitive:You can use the palette knife to apply paint directly to the canvas.
use+object+ as/for/in place of  + n: Lacking cooking implements, we used one of the cars' hubcaps as a makeshift pan.
These lights are used for illuminating the playing area. = We use these lights for
illuminating the playing area.
One example in OG SC 231"All of the other choices use incorrect, illogical, or imprecise constructions in place of the rate of loss rises. "

天山’s remark: 个人认为是选to use in plce of ， 如果用replace，则replace的逻辑主语指代不清，好象是学生，其实逻辑主语应该是governemt.  另外，ETS在og的注释中频繁用到use..in place of ,而从未用过use...to repalce.

Sbbi’s remark: i think it should be:
to use sth in place of
or
for use to replace
use is vt

7. (版本1) spend in doing or spend doing
(版本2) spend in or spend

8. (版本1) A_______________are thought of as declining
B_______________are thought of as indecline
C_______________are thought to be

(版本2) 1)the numbers of every two of three extinctive species are thought of as declining.
2)the numbers of every two of three extinctive species are thought to decline.
3)the numbers of every two of three extinctive species are thought to be declining.
注意，这里是numbers 和are的搭配。

(版本3)语法碰上了are thought of as declining那道。(c)are thought to be in decline, 没有are thought to be declining,选了c

unicorn0524’remark:OG的SC第182题考到了think of X as Y,不一样,但大家可以比较一下。

juliew’s remark: 补充一个选项，我的选择，所以记得。
4)the numbers of every two of three extinctive species are thought to be in decline.

Anchoret’s remark: 个人感觉4)选项优于to be declining.

天山’s remark: 此题选1）肯定是错的。ETS非常注重可比性，当用think of ...as 时，主语和as后的介词宾语要具有可比性，即物体对物体（名词对名词），而declining 是一个动作，排除（1）, 而(3）则符合美语习惯。

(注:这道题讨论并无定论, 请后来者继续补充)

9. (版本1)characterize as or characterize to be

Vidy’s remark: “characterize as" is idiomatic

(版本2) SC考到了两个语法点：
Character sth as sth
Character sth to be sth
我凭语感选了as

10. (出现三次)not only, but also...

11. (出现八次)Just as …, so …

12. (版本1) … more babies were born to mothers over the age of 30 (than) under it.

(版本2)In 某年 a study indicates that more babies were born to mother that aged over 30 ---under 30.
我选b:　than born
其他的是than them 呀什么的5个答案就是没有我想选的：THAN THOSE WHO WERE BORN TO MOTHERS UNDER 30.所以我只好选b

(版本3)语法头一题就是than under it 那道选a 我肯定
more babies were born to women over the age of thirty than under it. than画线 than (babies were born to women ) under it

(版本4)children were born by women under thirty more than ...over thirty. 一个比较

(版本5)遇到第一道语法：答案a （than）under it,没有问题，其他选项都有明显歧义。

(版本6)第一体只在than下划线。我记不起来了。划线前是一个系表结构，划线后是一个时间状语还是地点状语记不起来了，但是肯定是一个状语。几个选项中有在than 之后加 were, have been 的。我选了A就走了。

(版本7)the first problem is the jj \\"the baby born to the women over thirty years than
(1)under it,(2)under born under it,(3)they were born under it.
other two is sure to be wrong. I regret I had not think it when I reviewed jj. I am not sure to choose (1). it take me four minute time. what a waste!

13. (版本1)Featured with 2xx works of 1xx artists (working in the media ranging from … to …), the First Guangzhou …
1)who work in the media ranging …
2)working in the media that ranges …
(个人觉得两个考点：定从与分次短语做定与区别，主谓一致)

(版本2) 改错遇到了working... ranging from...to...那题，没把握，

(版本3)遇到了SB working in media ranging 题，但是和JJ有些不同，A、B选项都是SB working…，C、D、E显然不对，因为用到了range from …. as well as。最后选了working in media ranging，因为觉得working in media that ranges的从句修饰有混淆，似乎在修饰SB。

14. (并入12题)

15. 又一题是这样的：主句，插入语，进行时态的谓语动词，宾语最后一个词是interest rate that would help the business to increase fixed investment (括号表示划线 and consumers to buy cars and such durable good as refrigerators) 明显错误的选项由使用like的。其他的干扰选项有consumer前加that的，表示划线部分是跟interrate，但是谓语动词有问题。还有一个是consumer也没有了，直接动词ing根主句的谓语动词并列。

16. 还有一个全局4行的句子。前面是一个完整的带修饰语的句子，从第三行逗号之后是for 开头开始下划线时也是一个完整的句子。5个选项其中2个for开头带句子，有2个with开头带句子，是首先被否定的。有一个V+ing开头的分词修饰。V+ing很快也被否定了，太复杂。而且解释其为主句主语发出的动作，太勉强。看到For带句子为之一振。因为for有一个意思就是because （M-W的解释）。2 个for里有一个动词的时态跟主句不一致，最后完成选择，点下一道。

17. 进入最后一题，还有1’45”，又是句子改错，整个句子4行多，其中3行划线。我一上来就先把答案A点住，然后开始看主句。看懂意思之后发现A有毛病，立刻点到B。然后再看，B不对。马上点到C,因为这时我基本知道本题是要考我什么，所以开始纵向比较D, E。看了1遍之后，认为应该是C,再仔细看一边DE还是不对。脑子里刚一闪过：没错就是C,时间就到了。

18. (版本1) SC: ......many schools do not have, or(underline \\"or\\") likely to have, .......
Choices include: nor, nor are they, .....

(版本2)什么什么 have no, nor are likely have ….

19. 平行结构，如planning xxxx, developing xxxx, and creating xxx

20. 分词结构，主语一致，如The main chief of xxxx, Catherine xxx

21. 同位语结构，如 Jane discovered that xxxxx in the early development of the embryo xxxx, the discovery that xxx

22. 插入语的用法，如：主语，according to one estimate

23. (版本1) The first question is about  
Like....someone...
(版本2) like 某某人  , 另外一个人....
(版本3) like sb.... , sb do ...

24.  advocate in doing or advocate to

vrylwj’s remark: advocate 的确是vt.字典上说：
He advocates a reduction in military spending. or
he advocates reducing military spending.

braveMBA’s remark: advocate doing sth/ advocate sth

  
25. One clause , which …./including ….

26. 然后有first sb to do sth. 语法实在记不住了

27. 又记起来个语法
答案是
C: an investigation of twelve hospitals by ..has found that all twelve consistently break the laws, that ..., and that ...

28. it is … as it is …

29. 1) the discovery of one feet and four teeth in nk, representing four species of animals
     like cats, indicates that the animal survives …
2) the discovery of one feet and four teeth in  nk, which represents four species of
animals like cats, indicates that the animal survives …
3) the discovery in nk of one feet and four teeth, representing four species of animals
like cats, indicates that the animal survives …

30. the Japan plans to persuade steel industry to ….., to …., to …..

31. 1)the government requires of employers to dismiss the employees when they are violent of
    the regulation, and it requires that all of …..
    2)the government requires of employers that ……, and it requires that

32.   the official show the future legislation that would require that ….
  the official show the future legislation requiring that ……

33.   this year, the attendants is more than an as many people ….as ….
  this year, the attendants is more than an as many people ….than ….

34. 1)the revolution helps make it possible to realize dreams of …
     2)the revolution helps to make it possible to realize dreams of …
     3)the revolution helps make possible to for them realize dreams of …
     4)the revolution helps to make it possible realizing dreams of …

35.  1)a survey indicates that not only may the company boost their present sales, but also    broaden their potential market.
2)a survey indicates that the company may not only boost their present sales, but also broaden their potential market.

36. a special bee, like bee, whose …., shows

37. (版本1) 1)the figure covers the amount equal to …
2)the figure covers the amount equal to …
3)the figure covers equal to …
4)the figure covers equivalent of …

(版本2) Sb spends ( the amount equal to) 一个数字的描述。我选了A，还有equal to, the amount equivalent to…..

38.  1)  ….., this suggests ……, and …...
2)  …..,  suggesting ……,

39. 语法：SUCH。。。AS 考了两道题

40. BELIEVE TO BE 考了一道。

41. 语法：比较简单，用到both..and等惯用语

42. (版本1)有个于什么秦始皇的墓的，前面一个独立主格结构，然后画线到底，记不住了

(版本2)我有遇见类似的一题,说的是兵马俑是为了qing shihuang 的afterlife且花了工匠多长时间的... 考的是并列和take to

(版本3)关于什么秦始皇的墓的,考平行比较

43. independent of /from

44. 语法里面碰到了一道独立主格结构题，虽然划线部分很多，但记着逻辑主语和句子主语一致就行了。

45. 还有一道全划线，是AS引导的，但最后选项不是AS开头。

46. 语文翻了个低级错误：第一题就错了：becoming the first woman (…)
B. that has directed;
C. having directed ;
E. to direct.
居然鬼使神差的添了B.后面就完了。

47. With….(很长)….her….., 划线到句尾。根据这个her，排除A、B、C，定位D、E，因为主语是人，就是在考WHICH从句和现在分词，不好区别，最后还是选了分词的选项。一看第一题，就知道今天的SC将是硬仗。

48. Like ….. frog in …., 开始划线，由于另外一种动物的名字不认识，有另外一个名词在干扰，也不认识！！！最后选了一个最顺眼的，估计是另一种动物。刚开始把FROG误看成FOG了，觉得怎么也不对，后来发现，立即找到了答案。

49. Sb do…(很长)……, and do，主要是要看and后的主语省略的问题。

50. scientists hope will enable them to do 和 scientists are hoing to enable them doing的区别，让我很晕，那个hope will始终让我搞不懂，但是后面那个也觉得别扭，好象当时一气之下选了前者，没有把握。
是不是"scientists' hope will enable them to do"呀?
那个hope will真的让我痛苦了1分钟，但是由于太喜欢enable sb to do sth了，所以还是选了前者。不过你如果遇到要好好看句子意思。不要悟道

51. 主语 do not have , (or are likely to have )….(my key)
主语 do not have, (nor are they likely to have) …. (这个不对,因为未划线部分有个them与这个they指代不同!!)

52. another problem I just remember \\" with the opening of xx\\",
at first, I think this is wrong, but after I checked all the other answers, I think this is right. I can not remember others. there are three that I am not sure.

53. ...the musicologist XXX discovered and recorded the African American blues artist Walters, (thereby launching a successful career that brought Walters to the 1940's Chicago as the leader of his own band).(underlined)

54. except for/except...我选前者,前者和后者区别在于前者是说一个事物区别与整体事物,而后者要两者事物相同.

55. hope that further commerce will be developed/hope to the further commerce我选前者,我记得hope只有两个用法hope to do sth/hope that....

56. The goal is to develop……..that have the same high level of …….as (that of humans).

57. SC 有的题很tricky, 有一道题需要区分an item 和 one item, 其他部分完全一样.

58. standard of/for

59. possibility to

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-3 18:04:51编辑过]

gemj

好东东，感谢remeo ！
其实JJ有时与真题有着惊人的接近（我说的是核心考点）！

remeo

以下是引用gemj在2003-10-1 23:36:00的发言：
好东东，感谢remeo ！
其实JJ有时与真题有着惊人的接近（我说的是核心考点）！

gemj兄，咱们利用这几天时间把这些jj给评价总结一下吧，如果对的话就写对，如果不对的话我们发帖互相讨论一下。你看如何，然后最后发个总结帖：  1）正确的：x,xx,x,,x,xx,x题，  2）有问题的：  x,x,x,x,,xxx 题及有争议之处和解决方案。

gemj

我要考10月的托福，现在准备的还不是太充分，所以暂时没有太多的时间来总结。
你看这样行不行：你来总结，我们大家帮你。也就是总结时有问题需要讨论，你贴出来我们大家都积极参与讨论，献计献策。
我们这里除了你，还有这么多的高手：braveMBA, sbbi, mzyzhu, dandan74, freegirl, nina23, light, joice, 祈晴坊主, 老螃蟹, givemeahome, atongmu, xianwharton ... to name a few, 而且还有安哥，ZEROS。
我现在是一天来不见见哥们就好想。
我想大家一定能帮你把这件有意义的事情做好。
先谢过了！
等我考完托福再来多多补偿。
不知XDJM们意见如何啊？
要支持remeo啊，他其实是在为我们大家做一件好事。
remeo在生活中一定是个乐于助人的、优秀的好男人。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-2 2:12:50编辑过]

njsjfr

你们其实都是英雄!! 我们是志同道合之伙伴!! 友谊第一,考G第二!!