A 原句在 Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy by boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of differing temperatures and densities.
A 原句在 Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy by boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of differing temperatures and densities.
好吧，看了这题这么久，来post一下自己的想法： 开始的时候不明白为什么选C不选E，如果是C的话只有可能是Absolute Phrase（独立主格），但是不明白为什么E错。再看的时候认为如果是E的话，by后面应该接一个doing sth.。原文想要表达的意思是its acoustic energy is prevented from dissipating by boundaries……,如果按E的preventing的意思，是说sound travels through water for enormous distances这个事实prevent了bla bla bla，不符合原文的意思。
前辈们已经说的很清楚了，答案应该是c 补充一点D不对的地方，从国外网站上看到的权威解释：D It is imprecise and unidiomatic to say "prevented as a result of." The correct passive form is "prevented by."
A 原句在 Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy by boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of differing temperatures and densities.
http://www.beatthegmat.com/sound-can-travel-through-water-for-enormous-distances-t41971-15.html 上看到的，茅塞顿开啊。 Received a PM asking me to respond.
This is an OG question, so I can't discuss it directly, but I can discuss a similar sentence that I make up...
The debate here is between these two "types" of sentences:
1) Light can travel through space for huge distances, its energy prevented from dissipating by X.
2) Light can travel through space for huge distances, preventing its energy from dissipating by X.
Let's start with #1. The word "prevented" can be a regular conjugated verb or it can be a participle. If it's a participle, it can be part of a verb form (with another conjugated verb before it) or it can indicate a modifier. Examples of the two verb options:
"prevented" as regular conjugated verb: I prevented my paper from blowing away.
Conjugated verb + "prevented" participle: My paper was prevented from blowing away. (The paper was prevented by me.)
Now, what is the difference in those two sentence constructions? The first is active; the second is passive. In the first, the subject (I) is doing the action (prevented). In the second, the subject (paper) is having the action performed on it (I'm still doing the preventing, not the paper).
Could I write: "The paper prevented from blowing away" - meaning, the paper prevented itself from blowing away? Nope. The paper can't prevent itself from blowing away. If we want to use "the paper" as the subject, we have to write this in passive voice.
So. Energy prevented from dissipating by X. Is that a sentence? Can the energy prevent itself from dissipating? No, again. If we want to use "energy" as a subject and have an independent clause here, we have to write this in passive voice, which would be "the energy WAS prevented from dissipating by X."
What does that mean? That word "prevented" is not a conjugated verb or part of a conjugated verb form in this sentence. Therefore, it's a modifier and the stuff after the comma in C is NOT an independent clause - it's the rest of the modifier.
Now, #2. 2) Light can travel through space for huge distances, preventing its energy from dissipating by X.
We have <independent clause>, <-ing modifier>. The -ing modifier needs to modify the preceding clause. Also, the modifier needs to follow from the independent clause; that is, something in the independent clause needs to be doing this "preventing." What is doing this preventing?
Argh. It's the stuff after the word "by." That's not part of the independent clause. Nothing in the independent clause is responsible for "preventing the energy from dissipating." This is a misplaced modifier.
If it's too confusing to understand based on the example above, try this:
Paper can fly through the air for huge distances, preventing it from falling by gusts of wind.
What's preventing the paper from falling? The gusts of wind. But the "preventing" has to refer to the stuff *before* the comma. Nothing *before* the comma is actually preventing the paper from falling. _________________
这道题用排除法更好一点。 上来辨别，应用by而非as a result of，一个表示方式，一个表示结果，意思是不一样的。排除AD。 接下来分析句意，应该是sound be prevented, 不是 sound prevent. 应该被动，排除E。 然后BC开比，B的from having done太累赘。选C
A.as a result of错误. B.prevented错误.have ... dissipated累赘. D.from being...累赘,as a result of错误. E.preventing逻辑主语错误.
另外，原文已经找到。 http://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/27/science/global-thermometer-imperiled-by-dispute.html "Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy by boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of differing temperatures and densities." 作为对于正确选项C的理解，我认为不是独立主格，仅是一个倒装提前。因为如果独立主格的话，就是energy be prevented，意思又不对了。
注意这句话的逻辑意思：sound can prevent it's energy from dissipating because there are boundaries in the ocean not the boundaries causes the energy to dissipating 也就是说应该是boundaries prevent sound's acoustic energy from dissipating 能量应该自己就可以消散。所以dissipate 用主动。by是和prevented一起构成被动。 所以答案C 为什么，你自己都说了是sound can prevent it's energy......那么本题就更应该用preventing, 才能保证逻辑主语是sound啊 不懂 求解释
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发表于 2010-5-30 23:31:40
