Because natural gas is composed mostly of methane, a simple hydrocarbon, vehicles powered by natural gas emit less of certain pollutants than the burning of gasoline or diesel fuel.
(A) less of certain pollutants than the burning of gasoline or diesel fuel
(B) fewer of certain pollutants than burning gasoline or diesel fuel do
(C) less of certain pollutants than gasoline or diesel fuel
(D) fewer of certain pollutants than does burning gasoline or diesel fuel(E)
(E) less of certain pollutants than those burning gasoline or diesel fuel
这题主谓宾俱全,那么按道理比较的对象后边就应该补出助动词啊!否则就有歧义么,那么此题为什么没补呢?
以下是一个前人发的帖,不知道这种说法对不?感觉有点不系统啊!有朋友会么?
这题这几天总在眼前晃,也凑个热闹。
...vehicles powered by natural gas emit less of certain pollutants than those burning gasoline or diesel fuel
为什么可以省do? 因为those只能指vehicles,所以没有歧义。less这里是不定代词,是从little来的,修饰不可数名词,表单念,这里less of等于a smaller amount of...,所以复念的those不能指less。less of certain pollutants是A of B的形式,我们知道A of B中的B是一般不能被指代的,所以those也不能指certain pollutants,就算能指,than后面也应该变成than of those...。所以those就只能指vehicles了。另外,又记起我发过的一个关于对称可以减免歧义的帖子(对称的三大功能之一),不知是否有人读过。这里,powered...和burning...分词对称,也是起到暗示those指代vehicles,减免歧义的功能。
但是,如果该句改成:...vehicles powered by natural gas emit certain pollutants less than do those burning gasoline or diesel fuel,把of去掉,less变副词,do就不能省了,因为those可能指代pollutants。(GMAT中减免歧义的方法有hard和soft两种,对称属于后者)
ETS就是抓住你总想补助词的心理,给你带个do的干扰项。助词到底加不加呢?诀窍是看不加会不会引起歧义,如果不加也没有歧义,加之何益?不信再看看og46:
... they require less medication and gain weight more quickly than those raised in confinement
没加do也没有歧义,所以可不加。查查那些对比的句子,强制要加助词的没有一个不是不加就会引起歧义的。
至于fewer和less,这里当然是less。高中化学告诉我们,烧油和烧煤气,污染物基本种类都差不多,无非是CO2, CO, SO2, 和NO2之类的,只是量多少不同而已。记住few=a small number of,little=a small amount of,代到句子中体会一下差别。 |