ETS矛盾之处，OG179和OG245，求教！

lyyforever

179. During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed as "wilderness" by the newcomers. Native Americans, intimately knowing the ecology of the land. were a help in the rescuing of many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship, or even death.

(A)  Native Americans, intimately knowing the ecology of the land, were a help in the rescuing of

(B)  Native Americans knew the ecology and the land intimately and this enabled them to help in the rescue of

(C)  Native Americans, with their intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land, helped to rescue

(D)  having intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land. Native Americans helped the rescue of

(E)   knowing intimately the ecology of the land, Native Americans helped to rescue

Choice A suffers from the wordy and indirect expression were a help in the rescuing of. B creates an awkward, redundant, fused sentence in which the first clause has to be repeated in the vague this of the second clause; further­more, the comma required before and in larger compound sentences is omitted. D and E are confusingly worded because they begin with present participles (having and knowing) that appear at first to refer to the immediately preceding noun, newcomers, rather than to Native Ameri­cans. D also has the wordy and unidiomatic helped the rescue of. Clear, direct, and economical, choice C is best.

245. Unlike Schoenberg's twelve-tone system that

dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.

(A)  Schoenberg's twelve-tone system that dominated

(B)  Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system which dominated

(C)  Schoenberg, whose twelve-tone system dominated

(D)  the twelve-tone system of Schoenberg that has dominated

(E)   Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system, dominating

C, the best answer, is the only choice that makes a logical comparison: Unlike Schoenberg, .. . Bartok. In A, B, and D, Bartok, a person, is compared either to Schoenberg's twelve-tone system or to Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system as a unit. Such comparisons are neither logically sound nor seman-tically parallel. Consequently, A and D illogically suggest that Schoenberg's twelve-tone system founded a school and left behind many disciples. Choice B suggests that Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system together accomplished these feats. In E, the comparison is illogical and the modification is ambiguous. Schoenberg and his system, as a unit, are not only compared to Bartok, an individual, but also credited with having formed a school. The verb phrase dominating ... is called a "squinting modifier" because it looks in both direc­tions: given the structure of the sentence, it could be meant to modify either Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system or Bartok.

请看黄色背景处，179说修饰前面一个名词，245说两个都能修饰，到底哪一个对？

不过有一点是肯定的，就是这样的题目出来肯定不对，不过还是想搞清楚。

先谢谢了！

三脚猫

og是没问题的。第一题存在修饰岐义；第二题dominating即可能向前修饰修饰Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system，也可能向后修饰Bartok，这也一定是错的

lyyforever

谢谢三脚猫版主！不过我还是没明白。

OG在第一句话里说的是，现在分词优先修饰前面的名词啊。

D and E are confusingly worded because they begin with present participles (having and knowing) that appear at first to refer to the immediately preceding noun, newcomers, rather than to Native Ameri­cans.

shellsnow

这题我也有疑问。在Newcomer后不是有句号马？下面是另外一个independent的句子，为什么knowing还存在修饰上句中newcomer的起义呢？

请帮忙分析一下

sue2006

我也有同样疑问。在Newcomer后不是有句号马？下面是另外一个independent的句子，为什么knowing还存在修饰上句中newcomer的起义呢？

请帮忙分析一下

gonghao

179有打字错误，native之前是逗号

解释179，因为之前的分句是during这样的状语，后面的having跟在名词newcomers后，状语修饰newcomers之嫌。针对during这样的状语从句，没有逻辑主语供现在分词修饰，因此可作状语修饰。但是其也可以修饰，其实也是其本意，去修饰后面的native americans。这里有rather than的理解问题，rather than比之什么更加。Jane prefer to go to US rather than stay at home。更愿意。。而不愿意。要表达的意思是，其实都是可能双重修饰的。OG要表达的是比之修饰native american，分词更有可能去修饰前面的newcomers。只是程度不同。我们很有可能将其理解成：不是。。而是。其实【不是。。而是】还有个词组，not。。。but。

OG 245。更加明确一些，分词居中有重复修饰之嫌。既可能修饰前，也可能修饰后。

一般，分词位遇句首做定语和句尾做状语的情况比较常见，居中的分词一般都是错的。

sue2006

there is no rather than in og179?