【揽瓜阁语法打卡小分队】Day28

ladyJH

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1.(21)When Nigeria achieved full independence in 1960, they had already established a federal political structure consisting of three regions based on the three major population clusters that were in its borders.
(A) they had already established a federal political structure consisting of three regions based on the three major population clusters that were in
(B) they already had established a federal political structure consisting of three regions that was based on the three major population clusters inside
(C) they already had established a federal political structure that consisted of three regions based on the three major population clusters in
(D) it had already established a federal political structure that consisted of three regions based on the three major population clusters within
(E) it already had established a federal political structure consisting of three regions being
based on the three major population clusters it had within  
21.D
考虑DE, E不优
2.(22)The company announced that its profits declined much less in the second quarter than analysts had expected it to and its business will improve in the second half of the year.
(A) had expected it to and its business will improve
(B) had expected and that its business would improve
(C) expected it would and that it will improve its business
(D) expected them to and its business would improve
(E) expected and that it will have improved its business  
3.(23)While they remove carbon dioxide from the air, conserve soil and water, and house thousands of species, forests also supply potentially valuable pharmaceuticals, and, as sources of building material and firewood, that provide employment for millions worldwide.
(A) pharmaceuticals, and, as sources of building material and firewood, that provide
(B) pharmaceuticals, and sources of building material and firewood, are providers of
(C) pharmaceuticals and, as sources of building material and firewood that are providing
(D) pharmaceuticals and sources of building material and firewood, for providing
(E) pharmaceuticals and, as sources of building material and firewood, provide  
23.E
考虑BDE，B、D语义有问题
4.(24)Employment costs rose 2.8 percent in the 12 months that ended in September, slightly less than they did in the year that ended in the previous quarter.
(A) less than they did
(B) less than it did
(C) less than they were
(D) lower than
(E) lower than they were   
24.A
考虑AD, D省略太多，不优，lower做adj不能修饰rose
5.(25)Often incorrectly referred to as a tidal wave, a tsunami, a seismic sea wave that can reach up to 150 miles per hour in speed and 200 feet high, is caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
(A) up to 150 miles per hour in speed and 200 feet high, is
(B) up to 150 miles per hour in speed and heights of up to 200 feet, is
(C) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and 200 feet high, are
(D) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and heights of up to 200 feet, is
(E) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and as high as 200 feet, are 
25.D
考虑ABD, AB平行有问题
7.(27)When drafting the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, included in it by the author, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was a call for female enfranchisement.
(A) When drafting the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, included in it by the author, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was a call for female enfranchisement.
(B) Including a call for female enfranchisement, a draft of the Declaration of Sentiments was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848 that Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote.
(C) When the Declaration of Sentiments drafted by Elizabeth Cady Stanton was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Convention in 1848, a call for female enfranchisement had been included in it.
(D) A call for female enfranchisement, included in Elizabeth Cady Stanton's draft of the
Declaration of Sentiments in 1848, that was adopted by the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention.
(E) When Elizabeth Cady Stanton drafted the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, she included in it a call for female enfranchisement.
27.E
AD成分残缺，B修饰太远不优，C过去完成时时态不优，且被动语态无法知道施动者是谁
8.(28)Polio, although it is eradicated in the United States, it continues elsewhere and is able to be brought into the country by visitors.
(A) Polio, although it is eradicated in the United States, it continues elsewhere and is able to be
(B) Polio, although eradicated in the United States, it still continues elsewhere and can be
(C) Although still continuing elsewhere, polio has been eradicated in the United States and could be
(D) Although having been eradicated in the United States, polio still continues elsewhere and is capable of being
(E) Although eradicated in the United States, polio continues elsewhere and could be  
28.E
考虑CDE，C语义不对，D having been多余，can表示一种可能性，be capable of 表示拥有某种能力去做某事
9.(29)Oaks preferring drier ones, pine trees thrive in relatively wet climates.
(A) Oaks preferring drier ones, pine trees thrive in relatively wet climates.
(B) With oaks preferring drier ones, pine trees thrive in relatively wet climates.
(C) Whereas oaks prefer drier ones, with pine trees thriving in relatively wet climates.
(D) Pine trees thrive in relatively wet climates, whereas oaks prefer drier ones.
(E) Pine trees thriving in climates that are relatively wet ones, oaks prefer drier climates.
D 其余选项逻辑关系和句子结构连接词
10.(30)Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.
(A) bringing
(B) and brings
(C) and it brings
(D) and it brought
(E) and brought
30.A，E并列语义问题

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1.
答案：D
解析：
A.主谓不一致，Nigeria（尼日利亚）是指一个国家，要用单数。
B.主谓不一致，Nigeria（尼日利亚）是指一个国家，要用单数。already放置的位置错误。
C.主谓不一致，Nigeria（尼日利亚）是指一个国家，要用单数。already放置的位置错误。
E.being冗余。already放置的位置错误。

2.
答案：B
解析：
A.and前后不平行，错误，that不可省略。will时态错误，应该跟随主句用过去式，并且表推测的不确定性，用would更佳。
C.expect的时态错误，expect的动作发生在announced和decline之前，应该用过去完成时。will时态错误，应该跟随主句用过去式，并且表推测的不确定性，用would更佳。
D.expect的时态错误，expect的动作发生在announced和decline之前，应该用过去完成时。and前后不平行，错误，that不可省略。
E.expect的时态错误，expect的动作发生在announced和decline之前，应该用过去完成时。will时态错误，应该跟随主句用过去式，并且表推测的不确定性，用would更佳。

3.
答案：E
解析：
A.and前后句子结构不平行，主句不能和that从句构成平行，错误。
B.删去了as的插入语结构，使得and后面的主语不再是forests，逻辑语义改变，错误。
C.and前后句子结构不平行，主句不能和that从句构成平行，错误。that就近修饰material and firewood，造成歧义，错误。
D.sources of…和pharmaceuticals变成了并列，改变了原句逻辑语义，错误。

4.
答案：A
解析：
A.比较双方是costs的上涨幅度的大小，而不是costs数值的大小，正确。
B.it无指代，错误。
C.were错误，前面是动词rose，应该对应did。
D.lower使用错误，比较的是上涨幅度，只有大小之分，没有高低之分，应该用less。
E.were错误，前面是动词rose，应该对应did。lower使用错误，比较的是上涨幅度，只有大小之分，没有高低之分，应该用less。

5.
答案：D
解析：
A.and前后结构不平行，错误。
B.and前后结构不平行，错误。
C.主谓不一致，错误。
E.主谓不一致，错误。

6.
答案：D
解析：
A.there being冗余，不简洁。generalization of...结构只用于概括具体事物的时候，该句中用that从句更佳。
B.there being冗余，不简洁。generalization of...结构只用于概括具体事物的时候，该句中用that从句更佳。
C.generalization of...结构只用于概括具体事物的时候，该句中用that从句更佳。
E.differences错误，little of后面必须接单数名词或不可数名词，否则就应该用few。

7.
答案：E
解析：
A.缺少主句，错误。
B.that有就近修饰的歧义。句子重心改变，主语变成了a draft，错误。
C.将include的时间变为了adopted的时候，逻辑语义改变，错误。
D.缺少主句，错误。

8.
答案：E
解析：
A.前面已经有主语Polio，所以第二个it多余，错误。
B.前面已经有主语Polio，所以it多余，错误。
C.主句从句的内容颠倒，导致句子重心改变，错误。
D.having been和is capable of being表达wordy。

9.
答案：D
解析：
A.ones用于指代前文提到过的事物，应该晚于climates出现，这里ones却早于climates出现，错误。省略了有对比意义的连接词，导致对比意味不明显。
B.ones用于指代前文提到过的事物，应该晚于climates出现，这里ones却早于climates出现，错误。
C.ones用于指代前文提到过的事物，应该晚于climates出现，这里ones却早于climates出现，错误。缺少主句，错误。省略了有对比意义的连接词，导致对比意味不明显。
E.ones多余，不简洁。

10.
答案：A
解析：
B.主谓不一致，错误。将left和bring构成并列结构，错误，结合原句意和逗号，应该表达的是bring作为left的结果。
C.主谓不一致，导致it无指代，错误。将left和bring构成并列结构，错误，结合原句意和逗号，应该表达的是bring作为left的结果。
D.主谓不一致，导致it无指代，错误。将left和bring构成并列结构，错误，结合原句意和逗号，应该表达的是bring作为left的结果。
E.将left和bring构成并列结构，错误，结合原句意和逗号，应该表达的是bring作为left的结果。

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