?的考前阅读模拟～

Sissivic

做下面了的阅读 再看总结～～
http://www.kekenet.com/menu/201212/217871.shtml

?的考前阅读模拟

1 根据标志词定位

每题能定位就定位不能就算了

【Paragraph 1】One of the most difficult aspects of deciding whethercurrent climatic events reveal evidence of the impact of human activities isthat it is hard to get a measure of what constitutes the natural variability ofthe climate. We know that over the past millennia the climate has undergonemajor changes without any significant human intervention. B We also know that theglobal climate system is immensely complicated and that everything is in someway connected, and so the system is capable of fluctuating in unexpected ways. DWe need therefore to know how much the climate can vary of its own accord inorder to interpret with confidence the extent to which recent changes arenatural as opposed to being the result of human 正面定位activities.

1. Accordingto paragraph 1, which of the following must we find out in order to determinethe impact of human activities（定位词一模一样？） upon climate? 定位难啊

找这个词 扫不要去读 做题目的性强：找词不要通读文章- -

用反面定位：找关键词扫看

○The major changes in climate over thepast millennia（和题目没有关系啊）

○The degree to which the climate variesnaturally

○The best method for measuring climaticchange（best无）

○The millennium when humans began tointerfere with the climate（without ..）

【Paragraph 2】Instrumentalrecords do not go back far enough to provide us with reliable measurements ofglobal climatic variability on timescales longer thana century. What we do know is that as we include longer time intervals, therecord shows increasing evidence of slow swings in climate between differentregimes. To build up a better picture of fluctuations appreciably further backin time requires us to use proxy records

2. According to paragraph 2,an advantage of proxy records over instrumental records is that

○they aremore-reliable measures of climatic variability in the past century

○they providemore-accurate measures of local temperatures

○they provideinformation on climate fluctuations further back in time

○they revealinformation about the human impact on the climate

错误改错，正确同义改写

【Paragraph 3】Over long periods of time, substances （whose定从 physical andchemical properties修饰） 重复主语S change with the ambient climate at the time can be deposited in a systematic way to provide a continuous record of changes inthose properties overtime, sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years.Generally, thelayering occurs on an annual basis, hence the observed changes in the recordscan be dated. Information on temperature, rainfall, and other aspects of theclimate that can be inferred from the systematic changes in properties isusually referred to as proxy data. Proxy temperature records have been reconstructed from ice core drilled out of the central Greenland ice cap,calcite shells embedded in layered lake sediments in Western Europe, oceanfloor sediment cores from the tropical Atlantic Ocean, ice cores from Peruvianglaciers, and ice cores from eastern Antarctica. While these records providebroadly consistent indications that temperature variations can occur on a global scale, there are nonetheless some intriguing differences, which suggestthat the pattern of temperature variations in regional climates can also differsignificantly from each other.

3. Which of the sentencesbelow best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentencein the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

○Because原文没有的Xphysical andchemical properties of substances are unchanging, they are useful records of climate fluctuations over time.

○For hundreds or thousands ofyears//V, peopleX have been observing changesX// in the chemical and physical properties of substances inorder to infer climate change.

○BecauseX it takes longperiods of time for the climate to change, systematic changes in the propertiesof substancesare difficult to observe.

○Changes insystematically deposited substances// that are affected by climate// can indicateclimate variationsover time. 有对应；不要一整个看完选项

速度：读文章的速度提升；1读文章句子的能力要上去V 2读的内容要减少(读定位的一句话，如果一句话定位不行：就反推不要去读整段内容哦), 不要去读不必要的内容

2  选项速度提升（不要看完一整段选项！模糊！每个意群停一下,一段段读找排除点 如B）每个选项最快排除点（不要整句理解啦切断理解）

4. According to paragraph 3,scientists are able to reconstruct proxy temperature records by

定不出来了。后面太多了。推推推

○studying regional differencesX没出现 in temperature variations 看意群那句话没有说R differeX 原文是on a global scale

○studying and dating changes(太虚了） in the properties of substances（针对前面3句话的同义改写了！）

○observing changes in present day（没有现在的！只有过去的） climate conditions

○inferring pastclimate shifts不确定// from observations of current （没有）判断出了climatic changes

注意看选项断意群来看！

ETS思路！找选项对错要精确到一个点上面，不要去看整个选项！出题人角度是：每个句子每个结构每个词核实，我们要从出题者角度看选项：一个词一个词。不要一整个看。

Paragraph 4: DWhatthe proxy records make abundantly clear is that there have been significantnatural changes in the climate over timescales longer than a few thousandyears. Equally striking, however, is the relative stability of the climate inthe past 10.000 years (the Holocene period).

6. According to paragraphs 3and 4, proxy data have suggested all of the following about the climate EXCEPT:

○Regional climates may change overtime.( regional climates can also differsignificantly from each other.)

○The climate has changed very little inthe past 10,000 years.

○Global temperatures vary more thanX regional temperatures.

○Important natural changes in climate haveoccurred over large timescales.(

过程要对

【Paragraph 5】To the extent that the coverage of theglobal climate from these records can provide a measure of its truevariability, it should at least indicate how all the natural causes of climatechange have combined. These include the chaotic fluctuations 呼应of the atmosphere,the slower but equally erratic 修饰behavior of theoceans, changes in the land surfaces, and the extent of ice and snow. Alsoincluded will be any variations that have arisen from volcanic activity, solaractivity, and, possibly, human activities.

7. The word “erratic” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○dramatic

○important

○unpredictable

○common

8. All of the following arementioned in paragraph 5 as natural causes of climate change EXCEPT

反推：从选项定位到原文去~~

○atmospheric changes有

○the Xslow movementX of landmasses没有

○fluctuations in the amount of ice and snow

○changes in ocean activity

【Paragraph 6】One way toestimate how all the various processes leading to climate variability willcombine is by using computer models of the global climate. They can do only somuch to represent the full complexity of the global climate and hence may giveonly limited information about natural variability. Studies suggest that todate the variability in computer simulations is considerably smaller than indata obtained from the proxy records.

9. According to paragraph 6,which of the following is true of computer models of the global climate?先看题目定到文章一句话，行就行 不行就倒过去找呗。（有些定位第一句没答案然后文章短能懂就全读完了再去做）（有些题选项特别长不适合倒推会很累，100+会任何题去定位找一找，110+不会->方法加技巧读懂后一起找速度快）此题选项很短，不看文章适合倒推～

○The informationthey produce is still limited.

○They are currentlymost useful in understanding past climatic behaviors.

○They allowresearchers to interpret the data obtained from proxy records.

○They do notprovide information about regional climates

【Paragraph 7】In addition tothe internal variability of the global climate system itself, there is theadded factor of external influences, such as volcanoes and solar activity.There is a growing body of opinion that both these physical variations have ameasurable impact on the climate. Thus we need to be able to include these inour deliberations. Some currentanalyses conclude that volcanoes and solar activity explain quite aconsiderable amount of the observed variability in the period from the seventeenthto the early twentieth centuries, but that they（主语呼应的前面有that，主=volcanoes and solar activity） cannot be invoked=有 to explain the rapid warming inrecent decades.

往前往后读

10. The word“deliberations” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○records

○discussions

○results

○ variations

11. Theword “invoked” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○demonstrated 不用 同C

○called upon

○supported 不等于解释X

○expected

12. What is the author's purpose inpresenting the information in paragraph 7?

第一句是段落中心哦

○To compare the influence of volcanoesand solar activity on climate variability with the influence of factors external to the global climatesystem

○To indicate that there are other types ofinfluences on climate variability in addition to those previously discussed

○To explain how external influences onclimate variability differ from internal influences

○To argue that the rapid warming ofEarth in recent decades cannot be explained