?的听力

Sissivic

结构笔记（瞬间对信息进行归类的能力：信息处理~观点还是细节à笔记条理性）
总分总训练听力核心能力
1 划分层次（Organization）*一篇文章有层次：在听一遍下能否划出层；（比如总分结构：给你讲3个点123/流程 考图表）
2 识别考点（Question Types）*并列考什么，对比考什么，言外之意考什么 套路来袭~~
3区分主次（Point观点vs Detail细节）*记很多笔记不要因为听到认得就写不明白含义，却不知上下文关系。记笔记哪些该记哪些不该记就是层次内部主次之分了，告诉我们哪些是展开不用多讲多写，记住托福从来不会问你是什么û/只考为什么[size=13.3333px]√：茄子土豆是什么？û 仅考为什么要讲土豆√作者提土豆的含义是什么！（细节的作用是什么干嘛要讲这细节啊：为了支持观点啊她的主啊）
4 识别关联（Making connections高阶能力来袭，重要！）*考查联系上下文语境的能力。
eg: “有人在敲门”“我在做tpo呢” what does the woman imply? 迷惑项：为了证明她是一个好学生非常勤奋好学 正确项：听/联系上下文：敲门，我做题我开不了门啊



（考古，人类学，经济学，语言学，心理学）     不同文章的结构                                         训练：听层次（易）
对于历史人类问题：推论假说猜测                ：提出假说提供证明/推翻                                T1有四大考点T4预判它
解决过去puzzle                                              （证明会有反驳：转折考点）


               明线/按学科                         暗线/按结构                              训练要点/objectives
T1             社会科学                             理论与证据                                      Organization
             Social Sciences                     Theory&Evidence                             听层次/ 四大考点


T2            文学艺术                              比较对比                                         Major Details
                   Arts                          Comparing Two Things                           听主次/ 五个强调
                                                                                       *不单单分大层次，在一个层次内能分清主次：?观点？细节
                                                                                                             慢慢不用记那么多了/5强调：转折，澄清，学科词，小黑板
                                                                                                    敏感  adj,adv, the most important, surprising,unusal, remarkable

T3          自然科学                               顺序及流程                                  Making Connections
           Physical Sciences                 Steps of A process                               听关联/ 生词障碍
      *天文地质流程                                 *训练流程的过度词：开始然后接着后来
                                                 时间顺序or地理位置：岩石cave如何形成从底往上谁和谁反应了


T4          生命科学                               因果关系                                     Interpreting Attitude
Life Sciences      Cause & Effect                                   听态度/ 预判考点
                                                   *层内强调的一种

笔记本出没：              套路                                                                                          结构笔记

                         1. 并列考双选                                                左：新层次     à                   关键词          à             细节
     文章为入口，听文章结构的时候                                哒哒主义在视觉艺术上 反传统reject的traditional art   栗子上周那画                                                                                                                                                                             它..样
如果能发现有并列的逻辑关系tworeasonsobjections       舞台上怎么展现的新信息         
also, plus ,another factors
一定要划出序号的
                        2. 对比考特点
eg: 两个相似的东西：印象/现实主义听到两个事物对比的
时候，记两个事物AB的特点：谁高谁矮，谁冷谁热，
最容易考细节题的地方
    3.举例考观点
土豆细节细节不用记，∵不考你土豆是怎么长成的，土豆是什么
是土豆还是西瓜。问：为什么要提土豆呢？考的是观点（前后方
听出哪个是观点！体现你层次的强弱性）这个栗子我在结构笔记
中前面的观点记了没？
                       4.评论考态度
当给出评价进行评论的时候
出：态度or推断or重听题   à考说话人态度

*(曾经的听力讲法：T1. Main idea 主旨题  T2 Detail 细节题 T3 Function功能题 T4 Attitude态度题 T5 Organization 结构题 T6 Connecting Content 配对题 T7 Inference 推理题X 这些是被动的听，是题目为导向û不要被题目所牵制！)
即使你TPO刷完了没法做了，刷完了又怎样？以做题为中心的同学没有本质的提高。这篇文章的整个脉络是不是真的懂了？？教授说的每句话是不是能用人话给没有听过讲座的人复述一下？
should： 把文章脉络结构听懂，去以文章为导向（题目怎么出都难不倒你，∵同一个考点讲座知识点要点可以用各种方式来考你 不一定非得考细节题也可考重听态度等，类似阅读分为阅读理解就是理解为王）
对信息快速判断和处理的能力；把观点往左侧记，把和观点相关的细节往右侧记；又听到新的另起一行往左边记 辨别听它的逻辑
EG:结构笔记讲座（：考点有没有并列对比举例）

具体实施的时候是不容易的，因为你得赶上一种叫做沙罗序列日全食的时候，才能测的比较准。这种日全食最大的特点就是持续的时间特别长，有多长呢？大概能到7到9分钟。如果不是沙罗序列日全食，其他的日全食最短的时间就持续个2,30秒，长的也就是2,3分钟。因为偏的角度很小所以时间太短就测不准，所以最理想的时候就是赶在沙罗序列日全食的时候进行测量（这些细节都为了证明一个观点：为啥选择它？准。出题就考观点不考细节分钟）。那么这类日全食是多久出现一次呢？具体时间是6580天一次，合算就是19年一次，且相邻两次的日全食在地球的经度是差120度的，什么意思呢？比如第一次发生在伦敦，那第二次沙罗序列日全食就是19年后出现在北京，第三次呢就是又过19年出现在了洛杉矶，这就叫每相邻两次的沙罗日全食经度相差120度。那为什么叫它沙罗序列日全食呢？因为它的英译叫“sharos”这个词来自古巴比伦，是重复的周期的意思，而且沙罗日全食还就是2500年前的古巴比伦人发明的发现的，说到这呢，细心的听众说不定已经悟道了，就是在那个年代的人是没有长途旅行的能力的，古巴比伦王国呢就是像现在的约旦伊拉克这个位置，古巴比伦人也就在这附近居住生活，而沙罗日全食是19年一次的，这个19年是对整个地球范围而言的，而对生活在约旦这个地区的巴比伦人来说，那就不是19年了，应该是3个19年也就是57年才会观测到一次，他们就算是有文字记录，记录的特别详实，前后都能接上，几代人之间的记录都能接上，那记录的也应该是57年一次的日全食啊，他们是怎么知道19年一次这个周期的呢？如果你手上有世界地图可以看看，古巴比伦所在的区域顺时针转120度，或者逆时针转120度，它至少有一个区域是几乎全是太平洋的海域，只有顶部的俄罗斯和底部的南极有一些陆地，（前后两个是并列）所以还是那个问题：古巴比伦人是怎么知道19年一个周期的？难道他们在那个时代，已经计划出了全球旅行的技能来了？这个书中是没有结果的，但现在史学家也没有任何结果，所以我更倾向于相信我们是低估了人类文明的结高度跟丰富程度的。



手麻了..................................................................
考点
1 为什么要赶在沙罗序列日全食时进行测量？
A 因为偏折的角度最适合测量 B 因为持续时间长能测量得准 C 因为19年出现一次方便测量 D 因为精读正好适合测量
2 教授为什么认为古巴比伦人能发现19年规律是非同寻常的？
click on 2 answers
A 因为古巴比伦人为沙罗序列日全食命名的 B 因为在同一的确能观测到沙罗序列日全食的实激规律应该是3倍 C 因为古巴比伦人当时还没有文字记录序列日全食来几代人都接上 D 因为当时的航海技术还不足以让古巴比伦人观察到其他地区的日食。
3 教授这么说是什么意图？（评价题）
A 教授对书中和历史学家表示了失望 B 教授对古巴比伦人的发现产生了怀疑 C 教授预测古巴比伦人当时很可能已经具备了较高的文明水平 D 教授希望叙述能重视人类的发展
笔记
难                     ∵赶上  沙    时长7-9分Ê
↑              ↑     4s 25-3mÊ
多久？            准   Œ 1Œ考目的Ã
                                         19年
经.差120度                      1   -  2 -  3
                                         伦    X     洛
                 沙名？ “周期”
                             古巴比伦人
                双选2 无长途   古：19X3 19?


训练自己判断重要信息的能力（听主干从语法结构看重点/词组句子结构15P储备举一反三） 和 反应速度，全部都当第一遍听“次，重要，次，记” 忽略次要信息就会轻松，按分层并列特点举例和强调来走。
听力长难句（只能听一次）：阅读长难句入手--》背出来自然习惯的脱口而出（专有名词ABC代替）精听：逐句分析：为啥这个是重点 1听主干（句子结构）可以第二次摘出生词听 2 其余东西（重读弱读）
出题的顺序：靠的是你的分层来的。1234不要乱层；3”目的题。

主旨题： 错项：说法有误；不是主要内容只是原文的一方面或相关内容。正确选项：笼统但没有错
细节题：正确答案有时经过转述甚至概括，有时信息的一部分。错误答案硬伤：阅读里的那种 没有对应内容，修饰错误 等
选项：找细节实词 方法同阅读


听力必须2秒钟反应意思. 听力+ 跟读， 听听听 看文本写生词，听听听（立刻反应意思，=good morning 这样才算过一句话。。效果非常明显，25+忽然提高，只要TPO..对话单词不难）
最重要听逻辑词，转折和因果） 2 吃透lecture的步骤；关注逻辑词，停顿，新名词，师生互动，笔记分层，看选项。听力分层做，听原文中的逻辑词和教授停顿和互动。（四六级，逻辑词预判！一定不会错过，听力不要自己往前推一步！）

先突破听力。跟读后反应意思直接反应。听力跟读不是考复述 首先是听的时候立刻反应意思

最后变速听 ；  单词记+练习听出；信号词（新信息前面的才标）；生词；连读弱读|笔记有中心句 ；跟读提出问题
分析问题
解决问题


不要打开文本，听不听就去听懂而是去看懂的视觉理解。在之前要 暴露听听力 ：保证语音信号的暴露量，浸泡在氛围里，听过多遍大量反复的去听，这个是首先要做到的听觉理解（至少听三遍再看文本）*对考点的预判来自大量练习【所有题都要结构逻辑先行，知道大意 预判走势】
*听懂最关键。
自然科学： be characterized by ： 特点 出细节题
澄清： it's commly said that. I thought. I knew. 预判后面是转折。
听完一段 且听懂逻辑后要影子跟读一下
actually 是反对好吗！？
but前面的核心实词（相反的观点seem like,looks  like等词出现预判前面可不记）也要划掉
*每篇文章听的非常清楚，大意是什么~~、
对话：？:剧情弯曲去埋伏坑
结构笔记：递进式 对信息进行快速的分类
划分层次+层次内区分主次（内部细节or观点）
每个训练都是把简单的流程走无数遍来的

It’s commonly said that medieval  Europeans wanted spices to cover up the taste of spoiled meat.But this 转折好好写笔记 evidence 让自己明白这里是因果关系，知道后面是为了解释前面澄清的观点，also并列（自己知道这里可以出考点的哦），然后去听后面的理由去，fine这些你知道讲的是第二个evidence而不是新观点~不要不分主次记一堆X：是观点还证明的细节你都不知道？
what 2 factors ...(因果）

负面的-，答案同向 听写让逻辑清晰一些。shift one's chourse . 影子跟读

4.3
what happened? close to M river  water
                                           west\
                                       shift course
                                 1 shift S. new town
                                 2 water

4.4
Holosecene  diff. sediment
                     1 climate change C.+
                    2 ani& plants
4.5
G. cause?  1Co2 X  higher (+ not enough
                 2 amonia destroyed
4.6 1504【所有题都要结构逻辑先行，知道大意 预判走势】
nobody expective预判： 后面一定会说有生命的~
why 觉得没生命 123 证明观点why。最后all they thought表示了转折。
no life 1 no sunlight, dark bacteria(地位是细节） 2 water pressure 3.C

并列：
first（ofall）and also plus, notonly, 自己去听了后去总结不去硬背。每篇文章非诚清晰能预判考点和剧情去培养。
结构笔记：递进式 对信息进行快速的分类
左边 新观点，关键词 中（解释里的），细节例子右边
Onetheory is that theywere hunted to extinction by humans. 【新观点：human hunting】The humans whocoexisted(和平共处) with thesegiant species in North America at that time were what we today call the Clovis People. 【解释 关键词：Clovis people】And thereis a Clovis site in a valley in southern California where the remains ofthirteen mammoths were found. And spear(矛) points, tools for processingmeat, and fire places. That would appear to be some pretty compellingevidences. Mammoth bones have also been found at some other Clovis sites.(细节： California site)

  对比考特点，谁高谁矮
举例不用狂记 不考的，考前面和后面为什么
评价考态度or 立场。一听到说话人评价了就立刻判断立场是啥赞同反对uncertain




social .science（历史考古学:theoryand evidence,人类学教育商业心理学语言学）：结构是层次分明。  arts（绘画舞蹈摄影：comparison&contrast;独到之处风格，比较其他人）； physical science（自然科学：steps of aprocess: 之前怎么漂移之后又怎么drift；formation火山湖形成;用剪头记下流程）; life science（动物植物微生物：Cause&effect;适应性几种feature：背后的原因是啥）
“细节题”5中强调方式 1 转折后必有重点 N
2 因果关系∵∴
3 形容词副词比较级最高级：important，crucial，remarkable；extremely，especially，☆><=
4 学科词/小黑板词/人名/时间“”  记大写简写，时间点知道就好不混淆。
5 问答（自问自答/师生对答）？ 分层的形式or考点的启示


Social sciences 社会科学：theory hypo ..... 很好划分层次。层次和层次间要么并列或递进。递进是把前一理论找到潜在问题的驳倒然后到第二个假想。
考点：套路 1并列双选 对比特点（也有双选哦） 举例考目的=观点 评价考态度/重听。 先听要点，然后预判考点~~
搞定了分层
总 完整听 划层次 分 层内完整听逻辑 层内逐句（听写后分析层内逻辑关键词）听盲点 层内影子跟读 （语思同步）总 再次完整听全文 做结构笔记 划考点

学会预判能力： 做笔记和练习练出来的
听力核心能力： 1 划分层次  2 识别考点 3区分主次（观点or细节：观点-解释（关键词）-例子）4识别关联    **观点or细节举例考观点why?后面的解释和举例都在证明这个观点 为什么现代舞激进变成陈述，后面都在证明这个观点。选回答证明学生的这个目的

对比考特点，一定记笔记关键词。（转折：unlike,but/时间点：前后的对比/比较级最高级谁高谁矮/compare to,by contrast, difference between..）谁和谁比，特点是啥。
today 关注 层内的对比；层与层的关联； 层内强调的5种(1转折后会有重点；2adj adv ..especially interesting; es.. important； amazing； surprisingly引起你关注 3 小黑板词学科生词人名 记专大写发音：干嘛讲这个人这个物种目的何在？它证明什么？一定为了survive the purpose，扮演角色是什么，和第一个理论关系是什么，不问你是什么而问你为什么~；我觉得综合写作也是4 与学生之间的互动自问自答： 5 因果（自然科学释自然现象）
90%文学艺术 考对比（两个流派/现在和过去比较）两个相似事物和时间比较，考两个事物区别即考特点！记小黑板词对应上特点（考细节图表双选归根结底考的是特点）
do double duties~双重功效 peel off the bark  to eat; So for example举例, um... they needto decide what kind of tree they should cut down.Some trees have highernutritional value than others, and并列 some are better for building material, andsome are good for both... um... aspen trees.Beavers peel off the bark to eatand they also use the branches for building their shelters, so aspens do doubleduty.But ash trees, beavers use ash trees only for construction.
笔记：  
tree decision  
                                1 nutrition
                                2 building
                                3 both
Aspen            double duty
vs
ash                consruction only.
What differences between aspen trees and ash trees does the professor point out?

• A . Aspen trees are easier to transport.
• B . Aspen trees provide better wood for construction.
• C . Aspen trees provide less nutrition for beavers.
• D . Aspen trees have more overall value to beavers.
• 
  做题 parchment scrape away Middle ages(对比时间点） abrasive n. 研磨料 wippe out, milk-reappear
• well, we know about two methods that were used for removing ink from parchment. In the late Middle Ages, it was customary to scrape away the surface of
• the parchment with an abrasive, which completely wiped out any writing that was there. But earlier in the Middle Ages, the original ink was usually removed
• by washing the used parchment with milk. That removed the ink. But with the passing of time, the original writing might reappear
• 笔记：2 ways    abrasive, completely wipe   后： wash, milk , time --> reappear
• 
  What does the professor imply when he explains the washing and scraping methods that were used to remove ink from a parchment surface?
  
  
  
  A. Washing made parchment more able to retain newly applied ink than scraping did..
  B. Washing was less effective than scraping as a means of permanently erasing ink..
  C. The scraping method was used in the creation of the Archimedes palimpsest..
  
  
  D. Neither method completely erased the original text.
• 
  
  
• *学会对比信号敏感度~aspen ash可能对比，3个因素预判并列考双选~预判
  
  

*3个罗列关系听懂一个就好，对等的。improvise。（应激能力好）
radical analogy modern dance=art/ music redecessor improvise improvisational.

TPO24L1Moderndance 为例。绿色是一样的意思。

Um... what mademodern dance so radical?(观点or细节举例考观点why?后面的解释和举例都在证明这个观点 为什么现代舞激进变成陈述，后面都在证明这个观点。选回答证明学生的这个目的)

　　Well, for example,I think the best analogy to modern dance is modern art or modern music（类比是为了方便学生理解真正的是后面的对比）.Compared to（对比现在和传统的区别） their classical predecessors, these newer art forms are比较级 freer, more experimental, more improvisational.   古典舞更拘束的，而现代的舞更freer,而现代舞和 modern art or modern music三者共性一样。

笔记：whY radical? 新层次  analogy: M . art/ music （心理知道他们三一样） vs  先 --> newer, freer, experimental.

　　**题目为Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music，于是自然而然被归类为目的题。但关注的是你如何才能预判出这儿会出题。要做到预判，需要你听出来学生问了一个问题，老师通过例子来回答，所以题目会考到这个例子，而非你立刻感觉到这儿会出目的。另一角度，如果这个题干换成what does the professor say about modern art and modern dance，题目要考察的知识点是一样的，只是换个说法，于是很多人就归类为细节题。明明在考同一个知识点，却只是因为题干的疑问词不同，于是归类成不同的题型，这在逻辑上有多可笑

Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music?

A. To illustrate how different art forms can interact with one another..

B. To identity some characteristics shared by all forms of artistic expression..

C. To explain that modem dance also broke with traditions..

D. To compare the attitudes of European and American critics to modern dance..

温故而知开头可能会出对比
笔记  这个是层间两个概念相反，上面是层内对比
pass down orally
做题听4遍
folk legend   real history
                         people
                        could be true
                vs
folk tale      imaginary 同： orally
                    vs never true
对比就是考点：What does the professor find appealing about folk legends?

A. They are very imaginative..

B. They are somewhat realistic..

C. They stress what is important in a culture..

D. They show similarities between otherwise diverse societies..

All right, so now we’ve talked about folk legends and seen that their ... one of their key features is there’s usually some real history behind them. They are often about real people, so you can identify with the characters, and that’s what engages us in them.
The particular stories might not be true and some of the characters or events might be made up. But there’s still a sense that the story could have been true since it is about a real person. That’s distinct contrast from the other main branch of popular storytelling, which is folk tales.
Folk tales are imaginative stories that ... um ... like folk legends, they have been passed down orally, from storyteller to storyteller for ... since ancient times. But with folk tales you don’t ever really get the sense that the story might have been true.


The size of the place? Absolutely. The larger the room, the longer the reverberation time.So we'll have to take into account what the room will be mainly used for, since music requires more reverberation than speech. A room intended for music needs to be designed differently from a room intended for drama. For music, we need a very large room, a concert hall, actually I should say for full orchestras连读. Because for a single instrument, 怕没听懂举例证明观点音乐用途使用房间大小和其他不一样的。say something like a piano recital, a room with a short reverberation time is better. So for a solo piano a smaller room works well. Yes?
full orchestra  single instrument string instrument percussive instrument

Why does the professor mention a piano recital?Click on 2 answers.举考观点 2对比考特点

A. To illustrate that different kinds of performances require rooms with different reverberation times..  

B. To demonstrate that the size of the instrument can affect its acoustic properties..

C. To cite a type of performance suitable for rectangular concert hall..

D. To exemplify that the reverberation time of a room is related to its size.. 例证

音乐内部有对比 大型交响和小型solo
层内对比：
size？ s+ RT+ use   
RT： music 》speech
large --> orchestra
vs               单 instru
|
smaller <--- eg: piano
双选考点 1 举例考观点 2对比考特点转折 比较级，时间点，differe, contrast ,compare to

背单词： 是一种感觉，特别理解中文都没法讲出来，不是看到脑子出现中文。就像挑战通灵者里面靠的是画面和直觉，那个才是real feel.  radical=modern ~~~~

积累生词后听3遍~~~~
it was hold/believed that 举例了 也是转折了
例子在前后，不考例子考观点

过一个例子：32L1thing- change 文化

Because different plants produce differently shaped phytoliths（太快了，）, scientists can identify不记 the type of plant from ancient remains. （记remains是没有用的）（记新信息，有实义的~~）plant type才是最重要的
So, those scientists in Uganda, dug down to sediments that were 5,000 years old. And what do you think they found? Banana phytoliths! Obviously this meant that we had to rethink our previous notions about when bananas first arrived in Africa. But, well, this discovery had other implications for history. (other)分层了
∴ F=>rethink , ( this meant that)=>suggest, indicate, show, led to



As soon as bananas appear in the archaeological record, we know we have contact between Africa and Southeast Asia. It would appear now that this contact occurred much earlier than（比较级重要,记than之前的信息） previously thought.  Af ∞ Asia à 早+  
Al…although…now here’s where the uncertainty comes in…we don’t really have any solid evidence of trade between the peoples of these two regions that long ago.Presumably, if people were bringing bananas to Africa, they’d also be bringing other things too: pottery, tools…all sorts of objects made for trade or daily use.But any such evidence is missing from the archaeological record.  N ! ûevi( of trade) miss


The early appearance of bananas also分层4好对笔记 suggests that agriculture began in this part of Africa earlier than scientists imagined. You see, bananas, at least the edible kind, can’t grow without human intervention. They have to be cultivated. People need to plant them and care for them.(cultivate 同义词） So if bananas were present in Uganda 5,000 years ago, we would have to assume…that…that…that someone planted them.  
agri began 早+ ； 人（àcultivate）∴ sb plant; N food àpop+; whyû pop+ ?
But, there are questions about this too. We know that bananas can be a staple food that can support large populations(修饰有重要信息就记）, as they did in Uganda in the more recent past. If bananas were grown thousands of years ago, why don’t we see evidence of large populations thriving in the area earlier?


So, we are left with this mystery. We have what appears to be strong biological evidence that bananas were being cultivated in Uganda as early as 5,000 years ago. But we are missing other kinds of evidence that would conclusively prove that this is so.Clearly, more research needs to be done. Perhaps by some young scholars from this university? At least give it some thought.
∴bio evi à5000ys  N miss
对话 新栏目:
|* 好事情（新东西让学生加入）
problem solving ：提出问题，分析问题，解决问题 直接引入99% 学生的初衷 （开始提了这个问题但后面可能讨论其他的了 Why does the students go to see the professor? 选没有讨论的。what is the lecture mainly about这个比较多拉? 选后面聊的）
开头可以不做笔记。 学术可以记。daily 一样，
记：转折，例证，extra info为啥提第三者，目的是啥？学了啥原因？  解决问题的方案记下

对话 简单,不要记

新信息留下印象!理解意思

M 第三个人出现了;

后面就

有问题解决问题| 笔记要分左右 比如第4题

图书馆及书店

Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and a bookstore employee.
Employee: Hi. Can I help you?
Student: Yeah. I need to sell back a textbook. Are you the person I speak to about that?
Employee: I am. But we can’t buy textbooks back just yet, because the bookstore’s buyback period isn’t until next Thursday. 对话都是新信息,心里对意思理解
Student: I thought it started this week.
Employee: It is only in the last week of the semester after classes are over. 心里过,新信息有印象
Student: Oh. Well, can you tell me if this book will be on the buyback list?
Employee: I can look. But we are still putting the list together. Professors have to tell us what books they’ll definitely need again next semester, and the Xdeadline for them to let us know isn’t for a couple of days. So the list I have here is not really complete重复信息. Um…what class was the book for?
Student: Intro to economics不记, with Professor Murphy. 除非后面又说一个可以记下来 定位用
Employee: Professor Murphy.新第三者 OK. I checked earlier and I know she hasn’t gotten back to us on that class yet. 回答So we don’t know if she’ll use the same book next time. |新:Usually if an updated edition of a textbook is available, professors will go for that one. (I will go for 选the second option)
Student: Um…so if this book doesn’t end up on the buyback list, what can I do? I spent over a hundred dollars for it, and I want to get something back.
Employee: Well, if a professor didn’t assign it for a class here, we could buy back for a whole seller who would distribute it for sale at another university bookstore.
Student: OK.
Employee: Anyway…if Professor Murphy does put it on the list, it is important 强调that you come in as early as possible next Thursday. There’s only a limited number of books we would buy back. Once we get the number of books we need for next semester, we would stop buying them.
Student: OK. So how much money will I get for the book?
Employee: Well, if it’s on the buyback list, we’ll pay fifty percent of what the new price was. But that also depends on what condition the book is in, so it needs to be cleaned up as much as possible.
Student: Cleaned up?
Employee: Because used books show wear and tear, you know, water stains, scruffy covers, yellow highlighting…You really need to make sure there are no pencil marks on the book. The price you can get for a text depends on the shape it’s in. 重复
Student: You mean I have to erase all the pencil marks?
Employee: If you want the best price for it… 强调
Student: And what if you decide the book is too beat-up and don’t buy it back?
Employee: That does happen. Hmm…well, one more thing you can try is to place an ad in the student newspaper to see if you can sell it directly to another student.   

选项看重要的东西

What is the conversation mainly about?(sell back)

看主干

A. Reasons that the man wants to sell（不要看着就选，看主干） his textbook..

B. How to find out which books are on the buyback list..

C. The bookstore’s policies for看修饰 buying back√ textbooks from students..

D. The student’s deadline for selling old textbooks..

According to the woman, when are textbooks added to the buyback list?

A. After students have registered×没提 for the next semester’s classes..

B. After professors receive student evaluations ×of textbooks..

C. After professors inform the bookstore what textbooks they will use the following semester..

D. After the bookstore determines what price ×to charge..

According to the woman, what is a reason the man’s textbook may not be added to the buyback list?用选项回忆

A. The bookstore may already have ordered too 没提many copies of the textbook..

B. The price of the textbook may have changed ×significantly since last semester..

C. Professor Murphy may not be teaching ×economics next semester..

D. A newer edition of the textbook may be available next semester..

★What does the woman suggest the man should do to have the best chance of selling his book to the bookstore? [Choose two answers].多选好做排除

A. Ask his professor if the same book will be used next semester..有印象 笔记分左右去看 这个只是一个possible

B. Sell the book back as soon as the buyback period begins..

C. Make sure the book is in good condition..

D. Bring the original sales receipt with the book.

Why does the woman say this?

A. To confirm that cleaning up the book is important..回到当时语境

B. To suggest it might be easier to sell the book to another student..

C. To indicate that she sets the price× the bookstore will pay for books..

D. To acknowledge that the man’s book is in good shape..

Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and an anthropology professor.
Professor: So how was the field trip to the Nature Center yesterday? You are in that biology class, aren’t you?
Student: Yeah. I am. The trip was amazing. We took a hike through the woods and our guide pointed out all kinds of animal and plant species. She could identify every bird, every tree…I have to tell you. I was very impressed with her knowledge. 笔记：牛
Professor: I am glad to hear you enjoyed the trip.
Student: Well, I am interested in getting an advanced degree in forestry after I graduate from here. So I love all this stuff. And actually, yesterday’s trip got me thinking about my research paper for your class.
Professor: Wonderful! Tell me more. （get sb doing sth 通常指习惯性动作，经常性的，或者是已经做了的事
Student: So our guide was talking about how the human need for resources had shaped the environment. And I just assumed（听到 I assumed or thought that the human impact on the environment was always destructive.
Professor: Ah…but that’s not necessarily true.
Student: Yeah. That’s what she was telling us. She said there’s archaeological evidence that some prehistoric cultures relied heavily on dead wood for fuel, or…um…just cut off some of the branches of trees instead of killing the whole tree. （为上面服务： destructive）
Professor: It is so funny you mentioned that. I was just reading an article about an archaeological site in Turkey where scientists found evidence that ancient people had been harvesting the branches from pistachio and almond trees. Of course, when you prune these trees, cutting off just the branches like that, you are actually encouraging more growth! And you end up with a bigger crop of nuts. So this was a pretty smart strategy for collecting wood.
Student: See, that’s what I’d like to write about. 论文最好记下来I want to look at ancient methods of wood harvesting that didn’t result in the destruction of the whole forest. 艹=！
Professor: Hmm…so you want to write your entire paper on wood harvesting? 质疑了吧
Student: Is…is that a problem?
Professor: Well, it’s certainly a timely topic.Researchers are investigating this now. Uh…it’s just that…well…I am not sure how it fits with the assignment.Remember you are supposed to be focusing on a particular culture or region. 句意：不能写大 要 focus小话题
Student: Yeah. Um…actually I was planning on writing about the wood harvesting practices of the people who lived here. You know, the Native Americans who were living in this area and what that might tell us about how they lived.
Professor: OK. Well, that’s a possibility. I just want to make sure you can find enough information on that topic to write a well-developed paper. I’d like you to get started on your research right away. Maybe even talk to that nature guide and show me what information you can find. Then we can talk about whether or not your topic will work.

所以不用记太多！记得要记笔记（不耽误听，手脑双线程～～）反正第一次就是熟悉考试，但整个重点就这些～多练一下 就算听不懂一些or 很多词 也不碍事的～就用结构听就好啦。

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