两道道OG语法题--关于Which 修饰

小目标750

想问一下各位G友， 像这种结构：  主句， which....,  which.... 第二个which修饰对象是前一个which里面的名词， 还是主句里面的名词？？  是根据语义判断？  还是有一定要遵守的"rule" ??

具体看以下两道OG题目。标红为答案。

In the seventh century B.C., the Roman alphabet was adapted from the Etruscan alphabet, which in turn had been adapted in the previous century from a western Greek alphabet, which itself had been adapted earlier in the same century from the Phoenician alphabet.

A   which itself had been adapted earlier

B   adapting itself earlier

C   itself being adapted earlier

D   having been earlier adapted itself

E   earlier itself having been adapted

As a result of record low temperatures, the water pipes on the third floor froze, which caused the heads of the sprinkler system to burst, which released torrents of water into offices on the second floor.

A. which caused the heads of the sprinkler system to burst, which released torrents of water

B. which caused the heads of the sprinkler system to burst and which released torrents of water

C. which caused the heads of the sprinkler system to burst, torrents of water were then released

D. causing the heads of the sprinkler system to burst, then releasing torrents of water

E. causing the heads of the sprinkler system to burst and release torrents of water

HoganTong

which修饰就近的名词，跳跃修饰及其罕见，但不是没有

GMAT760780

根据语义判断，which一般修饰距离自己最近的名词，但是注意是一般！which可以跳跃比较短的修饰词，比如 of+n.这样的修饰语，你要判断的话就要根据语义了，第一道题就是就近修饰最近的那个名词，第二道题的逻辑主语是主句的主语，而且关键是从语义和语法角度都是无法使用which从句的，因为一般which不可能跳过谓语去修饰主语，除非是定语后置这种情况，但是很少见。
如果你看到which....,which.....结构，而且他们的中心词都一样时，那一定是错的，因为长串修饰词不可以连续使用。
关于which的rule,可参考ron:
They modify the noun that precedes the comma more accurately.
§The noun immediately precedes the comma
§Or the noun+prep PHRASE that immediately precedes the comma
You can justify which modifies whatever depends on both context and grammer.
§which cannot refer to entire clause
§”which ”by itself must follow a comma,prep+which may or may not follow a comma.

记住，规则是死的，但是语义是活的，GMAT考试关键看的还是语义和选项之间的比较，真正核心的规则非常简单，剩下的都是灵活的东西了。

小目标750

GMAT760780 发表于 2019-7-5 17:19
根据语义判断，which一般修饰距离自己最近的名词，但是注意是一般！which可以跳跃比较短的修饰词，比如 of+ ...

把你的话看了好几遍，太感谢了！