请教两道FF的题-->ethyl转移

Princessie

1。The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.

The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.

(B) It helps to support the conclusion of the argument.

(C) It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.

(D) It is a consequence of the argument.

(E) It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes.

这类判断一句话在整段话中的作用的题是我弱项，不知道如何下手，怎么看也觉得有的句子又像结论又像前提，更不知道怎么又是结论的论点和论点的结果……糊涂中....

答案B

2. In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S. Companies in R that manufacture telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban, on the ground that it is impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument given by the manufacturers depends?

A. The government of S has recently increased the amount of telecommunication equipment it allows to be imported into the country.
B. The telecommunication equipment that would be imported into S if the exemption were to be granted would not be available solely to top development officials in S.
C. A majority of the members of R’s legislature do not favor exempting telecommunication equipment from the ban on exports to Country S.
D. Of all exports that could be sent to Country S, telecommunication equipment would be the most effective in helping citizens of S oppose that country’s repressive government.
E. Without pressure from Country R, the government of S would be able to continue repressing its citizens indefinitely.
这到题我被它的解释彻底绕魂了……想不通到底是在说什么了……请求指教><

答案:B

king821221

1 句子作用题一般是三个中的一个：结论，前提（支持或反对）。这道题目结论是第一句（从This is clear from the fact可以看出后面是对前面的解释），然后通过后面两句话进行证明。原文结论后没有出现转折词(如However)，那么后面的话就应该是对前面的结论的证明。

2.这道题采用Not+Weaken方法解答：首先寻找选项中带有否定语气的选项，然后将该选项变为肯定，看是否可以削弱结论。本题结论是telecommunication should be exempted from the ban。然后作者指出原因是因为如果将通信设备出口到S，S国的人大量使用R的通信设备，那么S国就不会一直repressive。它这儿的推论前提是出口到S国的通信设备会被S国的人大量使用。把B选项变成肯定语气，出口到S国的通信设备只用于高层，就对结论进行了削弱。