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楼主你好啊
非牛，学习中，一点小看法对于with。因为对中文里一些语法名词解释我都不太理解的清，所以有一些我都是看的外国人讲的，总体来说就是句意出发，然后理解所谓的语法。
以下摘自magoosh（resource：https://magoosh.com/gmat/2015/with-noun-participle-on-gmat-sentence-correction/)：
Case I: action by a different agentThis first case is the 100% wrong case. Think about it this way. The independent clause of a sentence has a subject and verb, and that subject is the “actor,” the doer-of-the-action, in the main clause. If we want to talk about a different “actor” performing a different action, then we need another clause: either a second independent clause, joined by a correlative conjunction (e.g. “and“, “but“, “or“) , or a pair of correlative conjunctions; or a dependent clause, introduced by a subordinate conjunction or a relative pronoun/adverb.
Subordinate conjunctions: ON A WHITE BUS: Only if; Now that; Although, after, as; While, whereas, whether; If, in case; Though; Even though, even if; Because, before; Until, unless; Since, so, so … that.
Relative pronoun: who, whom, whose, what, that, which, whoever, whatever
Relative adverbs: why, how, where, when, however, wherever, whenever
If the main clause talks about one actor and his action, and we want to discuss a second actor and his separate action, we need a full clause, either independent or dependent. That’s the rule.
The mistake is to use this structure, “with” + [noun] + [participle], as a substitute for a full clause. For example,
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In sentence #6, in walking to Canossa, the Emperor Henry IV is one actor performing one action in the subordinate clause, and Pope Gregory VII is another actor performing a different action in the main clause. In sentence #7, the CEO is one actor performing one action in the main clause, and the sales are another “actor” doing something else. In each case, the correct solution is to use a subordinate clause, a full clause to contain a new action. In both cases, using the “with” + [noun] + [participle] structure in the place of a full clause is completely wrong. This use will always be wrong on the GMAT Sentence Correction.
Case II: additional descriptionThis second case is perfectly acceptable. In this case, there is an actor performing an action in the main sentence, and the “with” + [noun] + [participle] structure simply acts a noun modifier to provide some additional description to one of the nouns. This structure doesn’t contain a whole new action performed by somebody else, but merely adds what we might call some artistic detail to the sentence. For example
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In both cases, there’s not another “actor” performing an action in addition to the action of the main clause. Instead, the “with” phrase adds some descriptive detail to the sentence: it functions as a noun-modifier, as an adjectival phrase. What’s being described in the “with” phrase is not an action but merely a fixed detail of something. This is 100% correct, and could appear as part of the OA in a GMAT Sentence Correction question.
再看这道题，主句为 an array collects and transmits data between the ocean and the atmosphere。on long-term interactions 应该是修饰data的 中文意思是 在一个什么养的情况下array 做出对data的动作然后在什么之间，那么，后的internations 是对前面出现的internations的解释，所以同位语。
如果用with在这里，那么就句意上来说很容易理解成伴随，中文大概就是，array怎着了data，然后伴随一个internations 影响了 global climate。那么，with的用法根据上面的case two，它违反了 “there’s not another “actor” performing an action in addition to the action of the main clause”
希望有帮助
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发表于 2017-1-7 02:27:44
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