关于“the act of Congress”这道SC，分享我的个人总结！

一飞冲天的麦兜

219. (25581-!-item-!-188;#058&001592)     (GWD-12-Q20)

Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that madeprovision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C.,also established the Library of Congress.

A.Approved April 24, 1800,the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established

B.The act of Congress, which wasapproved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established

C.The act of Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., and established

D.Approved April 24, 1800,making provision for theremoval of the government of the United Statesto the new federal city, Washington, D.C.,the act of Congress also established

E.Approved April 24, 1800,the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also establishing

考点：

（1）  限制性与非限制性修饰语

（2）  修饰语的位置

（3）  Ving的语义

（1）绿色的是非限制修饰语（non-essential modifier），黄色的是限制性修饰语（essential modifier）

关于这点，RON：

(d) is incorrect because it purports to modify"the act of congress" with nonessential modifiers (i.e., modifiersthat are set off by commas). if that's the case -- i.e., if these modifiers areallowed to be nonessential -- then that means "the act of congress"can stand on its own.
that would imply that there has only been one actof congress, ever.

The course offered onWednesdayswill fit nicely into your schedule. --> inthis example, "offered on wednesdays" is an essential modifier,signifying that there are also other courses (and so we need the essentialmodifier to narrow the possibilities to one).

Offered on Wednesdays, the coursewill fit nicely into your schedule. -->this time we have a nonessential modifier, indicating that "thecourse" can stand on its own. this doesn't make sense unless there is onlyone course.

在各个选项中，只有A受到了限制，E就把定语化为了谓语。但是，句子想表达的IntendedMeaning是——The act of congress ALSO established sth.所以这个做谓语要更合适！

（2）关于修饰语的位置：

D is wrong because,it is a BAD sentencestructure,
<Modifier>,<Modifier><Subject>

Good sentence structure should be
<Modifier>,<Subject>,<Modifier>

BAD 不一定代表 WRONG。但是读起来非常不GMAT-LIKE！

（3） Ving如果用逗号隔开，主要有两个用法：

        1）做状语，一般在SVO后面，多为伴随修饰V，与V同时发生或作为V的结果。

        2）做定语，一般在SVO前面，修饰S，但S一定要可以发出Ving这个动作。

E选项中，如果是ESTABLISHING作为结果伴随就不正确，因为made provision和establish在语义逻辑上是平行的。但如果理解为同时发生呢？

jin921

E选项中，Washington, D.C.是插入语，拿掉(要把前后都好一起拿掉)之后，就变成 federal city also establishing,
establishing 修饰city了，语义上establish是act发出的动作。

--刚坐到这个题，发表一下个人意见

fxxxfxxx

jin921 发表于 2017-7-6 17:16
E选项中，Washington, D.C.是插入语，拿掉(要把前后都好一起拿掉)之后，就变成 federal city also establis ...

这里also establishing前面是有comma的，不是说modifier拿掉comma就没有了，要根据结构和句意分析。

实际上这里also establishing错误的原因是和made provision并没有联系，所以并不合理。

E错误的主要原因还是改变了句意，建议还是看看楼主贴的。

biubiu118

LZ我觉得C的and established也要加绿，因为and是连词，连接which里的made和established这两个动作，导致整个句子没有了主语