OG 2016 Verbal 48 求助

tianyupu

A recent court decision has qualified a 1998 ruling that workers cannot be laid off if
they have been given reason to believe that their jobs will be safe, provided that
their performance remains satisfactory.

(A) if they have been given reason to believe that their jobs will
(B) if they are given reason for believing that their jobs would still
(C) having been given reason for believing that their jobs would
(D) having been given reason to believe their jobs to
(E) given reason to believe that their jobs will still

OA: A

这道题我选了E，从句意上看A是对的，可是我还是没有头绪在A和E之间选择，有哪位能讲讲A和E的区别吗， E的写法具体在什么情况下用？ 谢谢！！！

OG解释：
Verb form; Idiom
This sentence asserts that a court decision has qualified a 1998 ruling. It then goes on to explain the series of conditions stipulated by that ruling: workers cannot be
laid off if they have been given (prior) reason to believe that continued satisfactory job performance will (always) ensure that their jobs are safe. To express these
complicated temporal relationships, the present tense passive verb cannot be laid off describes the assurance provided by the ruling; the present- perfect, passive
verb describes the prior condition have been given . . ., and the future tense verb will be describes the outcome the workers can expect. The idiom reason to believe
succinctly describes the assurance given to workers.

A Correct. The sequence of conditions makes sense, and the idiom is correct.
B The present tense are given fails to clarify that the assurance of job security must precede the workers’ confidence that they cannot be laid off.
The phrase reason for believing (singular, with no article) is unidiomatic and in this context is inappropriate.
C This version appears to be presenting having been given reason . . . as a restrictive modifier of laid off. This makes the sentence very awkward and
hard to make sense of, and it obscures the requisite nature of the condition (that workers had been given prior reason to think their jobs were safe).
Reason for believing is unidiomatic.
D Without a comma after off, it is unclear what having been given reason ... modifies; the string of infinitive phrases is awkward and confusing.
E As in (D), it is unclear what the participial phrase (in this case, given reason to believe) is supposed to modify.

tianyupu

顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶

huanglin82

牛人们都不屑于回麽

我看og，是这么理解的：先说规定cannot be laid off，然后解释为啥，也就是不能解雇的前提，所以时态要早于cannot，因此用现在完成时have been，will是对雇员工作的未来预期。

这句话翻译应该是说，只要雇员工作能力满足职位需求，从而工作safe（可以理解为工作不出篓子），就不能裁掉他们。

至于reason to believe，如og所言是固定搭配的话，可以排除b和c了。至于d和e，按og说法，修饰对象模糊。这样看，也确实是a。

我开始选的b，以为是虚拟语气。我等菜鸟，想不明白，只好拼命往og的解释靠拢。

mnimi

A recent court decision has qualified a 1998 ruling that workers cannot be laid off if they have been given reason to believe that their jobs will be safe, provided that
their performance remains satisfactory.

(A) if they have been given reason to believe that their jobs will
(B) if they are given reason for believing that their jobs would still
(C) having been given reason for believing that their jobs would
(D) having been given reason to believe their jobs to
(E) given reason to believe that their jobs will still

这题是条件句，不是虚拟语气。虚拟语气一般是
If A did(past tense)xxx, B would xxx. 主句需要用过去式简单的条件句就是 If A do, B will xxx  主句用一般现在时就可以，这里workers cannot be是一般现在时，所以是条件句
另外看语义和时态，这里是只要workers被given reason workers就不能被laid off,是given reason在前，laid off在后，如果选B,两个就是同时发生，语义就不对了
我翻了下国外论坛，你可以参考一下：http://gmatclub.com/forum/a-recent-court-decision-has-qualified-207805.html

每个选项的点很多，我做题一般找自己熟悉的点，比如这题，一般reason to do和reason for doing. 所以B,C排除
看到having been这个时态没有必要，排除D
同时，D,E两个修饰对象不清，可以是主语workers，也可以是整个句子laid off所以没有A好
最后选A

tianyupu

mnimi 发表于 2015-12-2 15:37
A recent court decision has qualified a 1998 ruling that workers cannot be laid off if they have bee ...

哦哦，懂了懂了，谢谢！！

cunzhang2016

其实有reason for doing sth. 的用法

seaner

E的话动词lay off后面直接跟一个被动语态given，不是很好吧