OG74 求助

tigerlulu74

74. Growing competitive pressures may be encouraging auditors to bend the rules in favor of clients; auditors may, for instance, allow a questionable loan to remain on the books in order to maintain a bank's profits on paper.

(A) clients; auditors may, for instance, allow

(B) clients, as an instance, to allow

(C) clients, like to allow

(D) clients, such as to be allowing

(E)  clients; which might, as an instance, be the allowing of

The first independent clause of the sentence describes a general situation; in A, the best choice, a second independent clause clearly and grammatically presents an example of this circum­stance. Choice B uses as an instance ungrammatically: as an instance requires of to form such idiomatic constructions as "She cited x as an instance of y." Also, this construction cannot link infinitives such as to bend and to allow. The infinitive is again incorrect in C and D. C misuses like, a comparative preposition, to introduce an example. D requires by in place of to be. E, aside from being wordy and imprecise, uses the pronoun which to refer vaguely to the whole preceding clause rather than to a specific noun referent.

看了前人的所有关于此题的所有讨论，还是不明白og的解释：D requires by in place of to be，那么such as 后面除了加：

1）名词/名词短语（包括名词短语的省略形式，但是必须保留介词（即LES MM的例子））

2）doing

3)what 从句

是否还可以加介词。因为本题好像不符合上述“名词短语的省略形式”。

请各位NN帮忙解释一下。

tigerlulu74

NN们没有来吗？还是没有时间管我啊？帮帮忙吧？

andrew_li

I can't provide a comprehensive list of what can follow such as but by doing something should be one of the candidates. See the example below,

Reading can help you to improve your writing in many ways, such as by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-7-21 0:18:26编辑过]

tigerlulu74

谢谢andrew_li的回答，你给的例子很好！

Reading can help you to improve your writing in many ways, such as by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.

但是我还想讨论一下，从andrew_lir所给的例子以及OG74对D的解释，可以看出such as后的by doing sth.都是对前面整个句子及语句动作的一个的一个解释说明，像是原句的一个方式状语。

所以能不能说：只有在作为主句的方式状语对语句进行解释说明时才能用such as by doing sth。能不能看作是它是在such as 后，对主句主谓部份主要成份改写成动名词短语后，对动名词短语的一个省略，保留方式状语。

如andrew_lir所给的例子中，可写成such as reading helping you to improve your writing by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.对红字部份（与原句评语谓语的对应部份）的省略，只保留方式状语部份。

那么OG74也可以看作是such as growing competitive pressures encouraging auditors to bend the rules in favor of clients by allowing a questionable loan to remain on the books in order to maintain a bank's profits on paper.对红字部份的省略

不知道能不能这样理解，还是说有其他的单独的介词短语可跟在such as 后呢？

tigerlulu74

请大家讨论，谢谢！

roric

以下是引用tigerlulu74在2005-7-23 3:24:00的发言：

谢谢andrew_li的回答，你给的例子很好！

Reading can help you to improve your writing in many ways, such as by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.

Reading can help you to improve your writing in many ways, such as by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.

但是我还想讨论一下，从andrew_lir所给的例子以及OG74对D的解释，可以看出such as后的by doing sth.都是对前面整个句子及语句动作的一个的一个解释说明，像是原句的一个方式状语。

所以能不能说：只有在作为主句的方式状语对语句进行解释说明时才能用such as by doing sth。能不能看作是它是在such as 后，对主句主谓部份主要成份改写成动名词短语后，对动名词短语的一个省略，保留方式状语。

如andrew_lir所给的例子中，可写成such as reading helping you to improve your writing by providing examples and giving you new topics to write about.对红字部份（与原句评语谓语的对应部份）的省略，只保留方式状语部份。

那么OG74也可以看作是such as growing competitive pressures encouraging auditors to bend the rules in favor of clients
                    by allowing a questionable loan to remain on the books in order to maintain a bank's profits on paper.对红字部份的省略

不知道能不能这样理解，还是说有其他的单独的介词短语可跟在such as 后呢？

可以这样说吧，但你理解的太复杂了哟，个人觉得简单讲就是：such as by doing省略的是要举例说明的事情