一道旧题：OG10th 181

virnnie

181. Because of the enormous research and developmentexpenditures required to survive in the electronics industry, anindustry marked by rapid innovation and volatile demand, such firms tend to bevery large.

(A)to survive

(B)of firms to survive

(C)for surviving

(D)for survival（B）

(E)for firms’ survival

The subject of themain clause (such firms) presumes aprior reference to the firms in question. Furthermore, the logical subject ofto survive and the logical complementof required should be made explicit. Allthree demands are met by B, the best choice. Choices A, C, and D, with noreference to the firms in question, meet none of these demands.In choice E, the illogical and awkward use of a prepositional phrase (for firms’ survival) buries the neededinitial reference to firms in apossessive modifier.

求NN解释一下E这里的错因。应该是涉及到指代的问题吧。

guoyilin2015

require FOR错误
require (of sb) to do
require sth
require that be/do

A没有语法错误，只是没提让谁survive，跟主句因果关系淡化了，所以不如B

抱歉这里答错。。
require (of sb) to do是错的，正确的是是require sb to do

因为不能expenditure require firm to survive而是firm require expenditure to survive
我也不知道这题of怎么理解了...


Manhattan:

REQUIRE
RIGHT:
She REQUIRES time TO WRITE {or IN ORDER TO WRITE).
She REQUIRES her friend TO DO work.
Her friend IS REQUIRED TO DO work.
She REQUIRES THAT her friend DO work, (subjunctive)
She REQUIRES OF her friend THAT work BE done, (subjunctive)

SUSPECT: In this hostel, there is a REQUIREMENT OF work.
There is a REQUIREMENT THAT work BE done.

WRONG:
She REQUIRES her frien d DO work (or MUST DO) work.
She REQUIRES her frien d TO HAVE TO DO work.
She REQUIRES OF her frien d TO DO work.
She REQUIRES THAT her frien d DOES work (or SHOULD DO) work.
She REQUIRES THAT her frien d IS TO DO work.
She REQUIRES DOING work (or THE DOING OF work).
She REQUIRES her frien d DOING work.
In this hostel, there is a REQUIREMENT OF work BY guests.

virnnie

guoyilin2015 发表于 2015-10-1 23:32
require FOR错误
require (of sb) to do
require sth

B项这个我已经搞懂了，我只是想问一下E项，OG给的解释，到底是个什么意思，觉得好像是指代的问题。

Lanmie

主句的的主语“such firms"说明在前面有明确提到过firm,即为了在电子行业生存而需要大量研究和发展经费的公司。而E选项公司在电子行业的生存需要大量研究和发展经费，并没有明确提到firm, firm只是作为一个修饰语出现。"such firms"就会显得指代不清。

反而B选项的expenditures required of firms to survive这个结构我不太理解~楼主能帮忙解解么？谢谢哦~

virnnie

Lanmie 发表于 2015-10-2 15:09
主句的的主语“such firms"说明在前面有明确提到过firm,即为了在电子行业生存而需要大量研究和发展经费的公 ...

应该是manhattan上，idioms中标出来的一个语法点：Noun is required of sb./sth. to do。【某物对某人/某物做某事是必须的】
然后之前翻大牛们的帖子，这个定语从句回带就是it requires the enormous research and development expenditures of firms to survive.../还有一种是说it requires of firms the enormous research and development to survive。我觉得前者似乎更好一点。
没有require of sb/sth to do这个用法。

Lanmie

virnnie 发表于 2015-10-2 16:17
应该是manhattan上，idioms中标出来的一个语法点：Noun is required of sb./sth. to do。【某物对某人/某 ...

好的～谢谢啦。我自己琢磨琢磨