求助关于with修饰的问题~~

洋果子店

逗号+with到底是修饰前面的名词，touch rule原则，还是修饰整个从句呢？？希望大神来解答一下！

对于下面的解释有点分不清，感觉with后如果是ing/ed短语是独立主格，因此没有touch rule的问题；但是with +n，应该touch rule还是修饰整个从句呢？

e.g.RON对with修饰整个从句的解释
千行86题
The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.

(A) which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it had fallen
(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling对
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen


Ron关于DE选项的解释：（释疑了！）
in general, "COMMA + prep phrase modifier" is an adverbial modifier, meaning that it modifies the entirety of the preceding clause.
in this sentence, we don't want an adverbial modifier, since it doesn't make any sense for this modifier to apply to the entire preceding clause.

rather, we want a modifier that will only modify the noun at the end of the preceding clause (i.e., "profits"). since this is the exact function of a "which" modifier, that's the modifier we want here.


我的问题：觉得这里的with逻辑主语可以是profits呀，为什么这是修饰整个句子的呢？

e.g.Baby姐对with修饰touch rule的解释

昨天恰好看到OG13的几道题，突然发现对with的理解又深了一步。你看哈，在接下来的几个例子里，"with modifier"都是针对前面紧挨着它的名词或动作，来给出illustration.

7. The intricate structure of the compoundinsect eye, with itshundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists haveassumed that it evolvedindependently of the vertebrate eye.
(WRONG: having) 见OG解释！

Asimilar sentence in Verbal Rev 2nd  #69:

The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon
were built on a spectacular scale, with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, connected by a complex regional system of roads. (WRONG: … scale of more than 75 carefully engineered structures… OE: This sentence suggests that the scale or size of the settlements is madeup of structures, rather than usesthe structures as an example of thesettlements’ grand scale)

114. Starfish, with anywhere from five to eight arms, have astrong regenerative ability, and if one arm is lost it is quickly replaced, with the animal sometimesovercompensating and growing an extra one or two.


混乱啊混乱啊，求大神解答！！感谢！！

echomaotw

这几题感觉with都是做插入语，另外第一题，increase用动词形式优于名词an increase,个人感觉

alzn2765

你把状语分成N个Sub group，然后分开记忆理解会累死自己的，好比你要记住所有沙皮，雪纳瑞，哈士奇，拉布拉多等等所有狗种各自的特征才能识别什么是狗吗？当然不是，我们记住狗的特征，这样遇到沙皮，雪纳瑞，哈士奇，拉布拉多等等我们都知道是狗，而不是大象是不是？即使你没见过杰克罗索梗犬，你见到了也不会以为是大熊猫是不是？

你记住状语之所以是状语是因为其修饰的成分决定了他是状语还是定语，他本身不具备必须一定是状语的特征。
比如：
In 2000, I went to New York. In 2000就是状语，修饰went，表明动作发生的时间。
I went to New York in 2000. in 2000就有歧义，为什么？因为in 2000可以做定语修饰New York，我穿越回到了2000年的纽约。

In 2000有变化吗？没有，放置的位置不同决定了他是状语还是定语。

同样，SVO, doing sth。我们都知道, doing sth是状语修饰V，逻辑主语是S。
但在S, doing sth, VO中 doing sth就是定语，修饰S

同样的doing sth，因为放置的位置不同，变成了不同的成分。

同理看你举的例子：
The intricate structure of the compoundinsect eye, with itshundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists haveassumed that it evolvedindependently of the vertebrate eye.

with itshundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia前后逗号隔开，前面只有一个名词，这不就是S, doing sth, VO中 doing sth的结构把doing sth换成with sth done？你说with sth done是什么成分，修饰什么？

同样道理你再考虑一下剩下的两个例子，都很容易理解。

外国人根本没有那么大的脑容量记忆那么复杂的语法规则，他们还要用90%的精力琢么裤裆里那点儿事儿呢。所以，你也不需要想的太复杂。不要在低一级上记忆，抬头往上看，从bigger picture看问题很容易。

alzn2765

echomaotw 发表于 2015-8-26 11:46
这几题感觉with都是做插入语，另外第一题，increase用动词形式优于名词an increase,个人感觉 ...

没一个是插入语

洋果子店

echomaotw 发表于 2015-8-26 11:46
这几题感觉with都是做插入语，另外第一题，increase用动词形式优于名词an increase,个人感觉 ...

讲的好详细，非常感谢，理解了你的思路!
一下子就指出了我的毛病，我也觉得自己太靠死记硬背了，谢谢~

1010805556

with后面的东西不能和前面的是同一种东西

immvp000

我觉得没有必要纠结到底修饰的是clause还是noun，大部分情况我觉得在with / which都可选的情况下，还是有其他途径可以帮助我们筛选答案的。

比如(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling选项，我觉得用with是没有问题的，但问题出在after falling，fall的主语在这里会被误认为a 5 percent increase

魏姐来点辣酱

谢谢大神指点~~！