[讨论] OG 107

violetyang83

107. Downzoning, zoning that typically results in the reduction of housing density, allows for more open space in areas where little water or services exist.

(A)           little water or services exist

(B)    little water or services exists

(C)           few services and little water exists

(D)           there is little water or services available

(E)   there are few services and little available water

The adjective little modifies "mass nouns" (e.g., water), which refer to some undifferentiated quantity; the adjective few modifies "count nouns" (e.g., services), which refer to groups made up of distinct members that can be considered individually. Hence, choices A, B, and D are incorrect because little cannot properly modify services. Also, since water and services are being discussed as a pair, they should logically be treated as a compound subject requiring a plural verb; thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong. Choice E is best: the plural verb are is used, and few correctly modifies services.

D 的错误ETS说是因为WATER 和SERVICES该看成一对。

但是从语法角度来看，is 后面该修饰little water， 完全是对的阿。 这个到底该怎么判断啊？ 难道就近原则还有错？我的英语学了GMAT后完全被颠覆思维了。 ：（

violetyang83

我现在完全被冷落啦````

携隐

D还有一个错误：有用little修饰services的歧义。

本题我也对OG的解释有点疑问，如果D改为there is little water and few services available，不知道是不是就正确了呢？

violetyang83

终于有人理我啦~~

继续顶。 我昨天查了下讨论版说就近修饰不是绝对的，还是要从句子意思上判断，不知道这个理解是不是对的？谁能给个意见？

violetyang83

anybody?

我爱欧洲

同样的问题E如果改成there are  little available water and few services按照OG的解释WATER和SERVICE是a compound subject 需要用动词复数，这不就和就近原则矛盾了？

还有一个问题，mass noun 与uncountable noun有什么区别？

这题OG讨论汇总里没有，个人认为“问题很严重”，应该加进去。

我爱欧洲

引用古镯的解释：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=66017

本题考点：

1.          形容词little 修饰不可数名词mass nouns; 形容词few修饰可数名词count nouns; ABD用little修饰可数名词services错。

2.          compound subject : When two nouns or groups of nouns are joined by and, they’re called a compound subject and are therefore plural.

复合主语：当主语是由2个或一组名词由and连接构成时，主语的number为复数。

Compound subject是主谓一致subject-verb agreement的一个重要考点，本题复合主语“services and water” 根据主谓一致原则，需要复数的动词，所以单数动词exists(in B and C)和 is (in D) 都是错误的.

3．There be 结构

在说明或询问人、物的存在时即可用there be结构。说There’s a man at the door 比说A man is at the door更合乎习惯，也更自然。

本题要表达的是open space in areas有few services and little available water的存在，故用there be结构比直接说water and services exist复合语言习惯。ABC错。

虽然弄明白了复合主语的概念，但当复合主语和就近原则的同时出现，以谁为优先呢？

关于就近原则的使用http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=65777这个帖子上也有讨论。

曼天飞舞

还有一个问题，where 和there一起用，会不会wordy?

到底wordy和不wordy有什么区分呢？

曼天飞舞

请问请问！没人回答？

mixtec

where there be确实比较别扭

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