GWD-3-19 之疑惑

x4444

Q19:

Possible long-term consequences of the
“greenhouse effect,” the gradual warming of the Earth’s climate, may include
melting the polar ice caps and a rising sea level.

may include melting the polar ice caps and a rising sea level

may include the melting of polar ice caps and the rising sea
     level

may include polar ice caps that are melting and sea levels that
     are rising

include melting the polar ice caps and sea levels that are
     rising

include melting of the polar ice caps and a rise in sea level

看了过去的帖子，但是好有些疑问：

1）这个句子的谓语在哪里

2）B如果出去may 和 possible的错误，the melting 和 the rising 前面加the有错误吗？曾有人说B中表达意思和E有区别，可否详细说明一下。

谢谢

Bill06

说说本人拙见：

1）谓语就是include

2）the melting 和 the rising 严格来说应该可以加the，但是关键不是这里

本题的关键在于3点

1）rise本身就有名词词性，直接作名词就行，用其动名词形式rising/the rising是故意复杂化；

2）从平行结构考虑，E中and前后的melting of the polar ice caps和a rise in sea level都是v-ing(动名词)+介词短语，除B以外的选项都不符合这个平行结构。这里的melting更倾向于名词概念，A，C中melting the polar ice caps更倾向于动作概念；

3)possible和may的错误