[求助]LAST-4-1-21

danggichen

21.   Whenever a major political scandal erupts before an election and voters blame the scandal on all parties about equally, virtually all incumbents, from whatever party, seeking reelection are returned to office. However, when voters blame such a scandal on only one party, incumbents from that party are likely to be defeated by challengers from other parties. The proportion of incumbents who seek reelection is high and remarkably constant from election to election.

If the voters’ reactions are guided by a principle, which one of the following principles would best account for the contrast in reactions described above?

(A) Whenever one incumbent is responsible for one major political scandal and another incumbent is responsible for another, the consequences for the two incumbents should be the same.

(B) When a major political scandal is blamed on incumbents from all parties, that judgment is more accurate than any judgment that incumbents from only on party are to blame.

(C) Incumbents who are rightly blamed for a major political scandal should not seek reelection, but if they do, they should not be returned to office.

(D) Major political scandals can practically always be blamed on incumbents, but whether those incumbents should be voted out of office depends on who their challengers are.（E）

(E) When major political scandals are less the responsibility of individual incumbents than of the parties to which they belong, whatever party was responsible must be penalized when possible.

看了很多关于讨论这题的帖子，可是至今还是没搞明白为什么选（E）

原文的reasoning我已经弄明白了，就是对选项还不是很清楚，比如（E），我觉得只说了文中所提到的两种情况中的一种，即：when voters blame such a scandal on only one party，但是文章的问题是would best account for the contrast in reactions，contrast不应该是两种情况的对比吗？按理说，正确选项应该要解释选民两种不同reactions啊？

期待NN的指点迷津啊

hedonism555

Your analytical qunadary rightly focuses on the core issue of this argument. E paraphrases the meaning that whenever (if) any political party is blameworthy for any scandal, it should get penalized. So, when all parties are blamed, all incumbants are failed ( are returned to office) as result of equal panishment, and when any single party is blamed, incumbants from that party are defeated. Thus, E constitutes a principle to explain both reaction.

My personal understanding.  lease feel free to discuss.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-29 13:46:41编辑过]

danggichen

喔，知道了，原来（E）选项只是一个principle，不是具体的解释，根据（E）这个principle，可以推出文中所说的两种情况，即一个party受谴责，和all parties受谴责时voters的两种不同反映

也就是说，根据（E）可以合理的回推到原文，所以（E）就是正确选项！

原来是自己对问题中principle这个关键词没理解好啊

嗯，谢谢版主了，献上一个大大的笑容：）