OG 12 蓝本 69

lonelyboat

The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon
were built on a spectacular scale, with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.答案(B)scale, with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,


OG的解释:
The second part of the sentence,introduced by the preposition with,describes the structures first in terms of their rooms ,and then in terms of the roads that connect them together.To describe the noun structures,the participal form connected should be used,turning the verb into an adjective.

由此可见 with...修饰settlements，connected是修饰structures

                the settlements...scale，with...structures，of up to 600 rooms each, connected...
为了好理解  变为          ZJ      ,                      A  ,                             B ,                               C  
问：
1 A B 是否插入语？    如果connected修饰structures    B应该是插入语
2 如果B是插入语   修饰ZJ的词 还是修饰A中的词？
3 如果A是插入语   B难道不应该跳过插入语去修饰ZJ的词吗？


问题有点绕。。。不过困扰死我了。。这个插入语来。。。
请求高人指点

直播上700

根据ron神的解答，这道题这里是出现两个modifier同时修饰一个noun structure，唯一的插入语是of up to 600 rooms each.
拿掉插入语可以看到结构 settlements were built structures, connected by ...

CharlesDoit

adimeisi 发表于 2012-8-22 21:05
刚刚看明白正确答案是B，使用了with的独立主格形式，简化写就是 with ...structures...connected, 即 with  ...

B的确是答案，但是你的结构是错的，不管with是什么结构，他就是一个修饰scale的存在，后面的of和connected也是一样都是修饰部分。按og的说法，scale包括了size和extend所以三个部分修饰scale逻辑上通顺。个人不太喜欢太上纲上线要弄清楚独立主格或者它的常用结构。这些都很不靠谱而且不是英语的内在逻辑。而是根据表象反推出来的部分适用的伪规则

qingping01

adimeisi 发表于 2012-8-22 21:05
刚刚看明白正确答案是B，使用了with的独立主格形式，简化写就是 with ...structures...connected, 即 with  ...

同意！               

AnnieFFish

句意是说：这个settlements有着spectacular scale,然后后面部分就去解释了这个scale到底怎么spectacular了。
这个scale，有超过75个c e structures，而这75个structures呢，每个都有600个房间（也就是说句子中的each指的是每个structures，也因此each必须在逗号之前，因为它指的是structures，而不是rooms）
然后中间这个of up to 600 rooms是插入语，就算删掉也不影响句子结构和主要意思。
最后这个connected by 说的是75个structures是由roads连接起来的。
整个句子就是：The..settlements..were built on a ...scale, with..75..structures,connected by a ..system of road.

我要喝可乐

有没有人能翻译一下这个句子啊，这个each的位置理解不了

jiangkuangyi

思路：with more than 75 carefully engineered structures修饰前面的主句; connected by a complex regional system of roads修饰的是structures (of up to 600 rooms each)     
参见Prep笔记：With独立主格结构：由“with＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。 修饰前面的主句。
参见Ron论坛回复：Prepositional phrases that follow commas generally DO NOT refer to the preceding noun. These are almost always adverbial modifiers, which modify the entire preceding clause.
错误分析：
A. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were
Run-on sentence， were是多出来的谓语动词
C. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been
1. Scale of 用法is unidiomatic，2. Had been时态错误，3. Each that错误修饰了rooms
D. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each
同C
E. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each had been
时态错误，且是一个run-on sentence，each错误修饰了rooms

Hendy

choice a is a run-on - it tries to have two main verbs without using any sort of subordinating element. if you take out modifiers, adjectives, etc., you're left with the following: the settlements were built with structures were connected. that's bad.

choice b is correct: it uses a nonessential modifier set off by commas ('of up to 600 rooms each'), which, if eliminated, yields the intact and legitimate sentence ...carefully engineered structures, connected by... (with another nonessential modifier).

choice c:
- 'scale of' doesn't make sense
- you can't say 'each that had...' (can't follow 'each' with a relative pronoun - if you're going to use a relative pronoun, it has to come directly after the thing it's trying to modify)
- no justification for using the past perfect ('had been') - that verb, if there's a verb there at all, should be in the simple past (the same tense as everything else in the sentence, because everything described in the sentence is contemporaneous)
- it doesn't make sense to use 'each' AFTER the comma, because it's not true that each structure was connected with a road system. instead, the road system connected all of the structures with each other, which is nowhere close to the same thing. (having 'each' BEFORE the comma makes sense, because it's actually true that each of the structures comprised up to 600 rooms.)
analogy:
the USA comprises 50 states, each of which is united by a federal government --> wrong (the implication is that each state has its own federal government)
the USA comprises 50 states, all of which are united by a federal government --> correct
the USA comprises 50 states, (all) united by a federal government --> correct, whether you have 'all' or not

twingkey

逗号+with修饰前面整个句子，补充说明一下主句的意思~

adimeisi

刚刚看明白正确答案是B，使用了with的独立主格形式，简化写就是 with ...structures...connected, 即 with + 名词 +分词结构，其中名词和分词中间插入了一个of up to 600 rooms each