gwd sc求助

caesa

Although he is as brilliant as. if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished.
A Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished.
B Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy with his thesis remaining unfinished.  
C Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and will not finish his thesis.
D Despite his being brilliant as, if not more brilliant than his fellow students, he is very lazy and will not finish his thesis.  
E Being as brilliant as, or more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished.
为什么A和B不可以，这个独立主格有人说只有主谓宾能用，主谓表不能用，对么

Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different
temperatures and densities.
A.      prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
B.  prevented from having its acoustic energy dissipated by
C.  its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D.  its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E   preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by  
B为什么不行？C选项是个什么结构，同位语从句？它加了主语（its energy）却没有be动词，另外过去分词可以是不是不像现在分词那么灵活，只有做后者定语的时候两者用法类似？SVO,Doing，没有svo，done是么...那个做后置定语的时候仿照S,doing，vo， 过去分词S，done，vo对么
Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
A that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity  分析A选项
B of producing and understanding it have revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity  分析B选项
C by which it is produced and understood has revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity  分析C选项
D by which it is produced and understood have revealed great complexity rather than underlying simplicity  分析D选项
E by which one produces and understands it have revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity  分析E选项
这里实在比较不出来A和C差在哪里
The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade

A.        The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.
B.        It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
C.        By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry’s cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
D.        To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.
E.        The United States petroleum industry’s cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
1这个题目我排除ABC用了 名词A of B 优于 A‘s B（我认为A‘s B只能用于A是人的时候） ，可以这么排除么
2 DE差别在哪，有人说D逻辑有问题，有人说D没有用将来时，我感觉D的逻辑说的过去啊
谢谢各位帮忙

Seven_977

guoyilin2015 发表于 2015-9-6 11:01
The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten p ...

同意！               

晴子冲呀

guoyilin2015 发表于 2015-9-6 11:01
The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten p ...

答案是E
the cost to sb/sth 表示。。。所付出的成本、费用
the cost of sth 表示。。。的费用，成本
the cost to sb of doing sth  某人做某事所付出的费用，代价
根据以上排除A B
C选项：RON说by the end of the decade修饰 is projected，doesn't make sense。according to the modifier, then, the PROJECTION will occur by the end of the decade. that's not the intended meaning (the sentence is clearly meant to say that the projection is being made right now, but that the cost will be at level X by the end of the decade).
D修饰的逻辑错误同C

神粥八宝

看一下！               

chenye666

guoyilin2015 发表于 2015-9-6 11:01
The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten p ...

同意！               

guoyilin2015

写了一小时才发现楼主已经好久没登录了。。希望大家来讨论一下啊。

guoyilin2015

The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade
A.        The United States petroleum industry’s cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.
B.        It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
C.        By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry’s cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
D.        To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.
E.        The United States petroleum industry’s cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
1这个题目我排除ABC用了 名词A of B 优于 A‘s B（我认为A‘s B只能用于A是人的时候） ，可以这么排除么
2 DE差别在哪，有人说D逻辑有问题，有人说D没有用将来时，我感觉D的逻辑说的过去啊


选B。
cost to sb表示承受cost的人，cost of doing表示造成cost的事。排除AE
by the end of the decade不能修饰price of refined petroleum，因为这样就是说估计了一个cost，而这个cost取决于未来的某一价格。排除AD。
to meet表目的，不能说我们为了meet regulation估计了cost，应该是regulation造成了cost 。排除D。
By the end of the decade限定未来的时间，那么is projected时态错误。排除C。

guoyilin2015

Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
A that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity  分析A选项
B of producing and understanding it have revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity  分析B选项
C by which it is produced and understood has revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity  分析C选项
D by which it is produced and understood have revealed great complexity rather than underlying simplicity  分析D选项
E by which one produces and understands it have revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity  分析E选项
这里实在比较不出来A和C差在哪里

A 不是process发出produce和make动作，是通过process由某个主语produce和make
另外：
Manhattan SC:
SUSPECT: He wrote with pencils INSTEAD OF pens.
Note: The GMAT seems to avoid INSTEAD OF even when it is correct.
He wrote with pencils, BUT NOT pens.

guoyilin2015

Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different
temperatures and densities.
A.      prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
B.  prevented from having its acoustic energy dissipated by
C.  its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D.  its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E   preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by  
B为什么不行？C选项是个什么结构，同位语从句？它加了主语（its energy）却没有be动词，另外过去分词可以是不是不像现在分词那么灵活，只有做后者定语的时候两者用法类似？SVO,Doing，没有svo，done是么...那个做后置定语的时候仿照S,doing，vo， 过去分词S，done，vo对么


C 独立主格 S1V, S2 doing/done修饰前句表伴随，描述声波是如何在水中传播
SVO, done与SVO, doing修饰类似，只不过doing是S发出动作，done是S作为动作对象
RON：comma + "__ed" can follow the same principles as comma + "__ing". namely, it can modify the entire preceding sentence/action/clause.
B 可能是被动表述wordy吧。。

guoyilin2015

Although he is as brilliant as. if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished. A Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished. B Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy with his thesis remaining unfinished.   C Although he is as brilliant as, if not more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and will not finish his thesis. D Despite his being brilliant as, if not more brilliant than his fellow students, he is very lazy and will not finish his thesis.   E Being as brilliant as, or more brilliant than, many of his fellow students, he is very lazy and his thesis will be unfinished. 为什么A和B不可以，这个独立主格有人说只有主谓宾能用，主谓表不能用，对么

独立主格一般有逗号分隔，而且没有and。
对于能不能修饰主系表结构我不确定，PREP08笔记190题写的是不能，因为独立主格表伴随。
不过我觉得这么写应该也可以： He is very lazy, (with) his thesis unfinished.
A 不带逗号的and不能连接两个完整的句子
B thesis不能发出remain的动作，所以remaining错