15. Statistician: A financial magazine claimed that its survey of its subscribers showed that North Americans are more concerned about their personal finances than about politics. One question was: “Which do you think about more: politics or the joy of earning money?” This question is clearly biased. Also, the readers of the magazine are a self-selecting sample. Thus, there is reason to be skeptical about the conclusion drawn in the magazine’s survey. Each of the following, if true, would strengthen the statistician’s argument EXCEPT: (A) The credibility of the magazine has been called into question on a number of occasions. (B) The conclusions drawn in most magazine surveys have eventually been disproved. (C) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are just as concerned about politics as they are about finances. (D) There is reason to be skeptical about the results of surveys that are biased and unrepresentative. (E) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are concerned not only with politics and finances, but also with social issues. (e)是正确答案,但是我觉得E也同样加强原文了。
23. Some statisticians claim that the surest way to increase the overall correctness of the total set of one’s beliefs is: never change that set, except by rejecting a belief when given adequate evidence against it. However, if this were the only rule one followed, then whenever one were presented with any kind of evidence, one would have to either reject some of one’s beliefs or else leave one’s beliefs unchanged. But then, over time, one could only have fewer and fewer beliefs. Since we need many beliefs in order to survive, the statisticians’ claim must be mistaken. The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it
(A) presumes, without providing any justification, that the surest way of increasing the overall correctness of the total set of one’s beliefs must not hinder one’s ability to survive (B) neglects the possibility that even while following the statisticians’ rule, one might also accept new beliefs when presented with some kinds of evidence (C) overlooks the possibility that some large sets of beliefs are more correct overall than are some small sets of beliefs (D) takes for granted that one should accept some beliefs related to survival even when given adequate evidence against them (E) takes for granted that the beliefs we need in order to have many beliefs must all be correct beliefs (a),不太理解。哪位给分析一下
14.Thirty years ago, the percentage of the British people who vacationed in foreign countries was very small compared with the large percentage of the British population who travel abroad for vacations now. Foreign travel is, and always has been, expensive from Britain. Therefore, British people must have, on average, more money to spend on vacations now than they did 30 years ago. The argument requires assuming which one of the following? (A) If foreign travel had been less expensive 30 years ago, British people would still not have had enough money to take vacation abroad. (B) If travel to Britain were less expensive, more people of other countries would travel to Britain for their vacations. (C) If the percentage of British people vacationing abroad was lower 30 years ago, then the British people of 30 years ago must have spent more money on domestic vacations. (D) If more of the British people 30 years ago had had enough money to vacation abroad, more would have done so. (E) If British people are now wealthier than they were 30 years ago, then they must have more money to spend on vacations now than they did 30 years ago. (d)。我觉得d是对题目第一句话的同义改写,谈不上assumption。当然其他的答案也不对
谢谢!!!
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