晕了晕了,语法到底没有MM好看……
问题我是用红字标出来的,请教各位大虾了!!!!
9.7 分词的时态
1)一般式表示与主语动词同时发生。例如:
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 听到这一消息,他高兴得手舞足蹈。
Arriving there, they found the boy dead. 一到那儿,他们就发现那男孩死了。
典型例题
The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
答案B. 此处没有连词,不能选D,否则出现了两个谓语动词worked和was preparing。 只能在B,C中选一个。又因前后两个动作同时发生,且与主语为主动关系,应用现在分词。
2)完成时表示先于主语动词发生。例如:
While walking in the garden,he hurt his leg. 在花园里散步时他伤了腿。
分词作时间状语,如果先与主动词的动作,且强调先后, 要用having done。
Having finished his homework, he went out. 做完作业后,他出去了。
=As he had finished his homework, he went out.
典型例题
___ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
答案C. 本题考查分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判断,分词的动作(接信)发生在谓语动词的动作(决心再写信)之前,因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的构成为not +分词,故选C。该句可理解为:Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.
有时又会说:现在分词是用在进行中的动作,分词表示已完成的动作。
MSITStore:C:\DOCUME~1\严守一\LOCALS~1\Temp\Rar$DI00.229\大学英语语法电子书.chm::/grammar099.htm#participle" target="_blank" >返回分词目录
9.8 分词的语态
1)通常,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动。是不是用作状语或其他成份时也这样?
例如:
He is the man giving you the money. (= who gave you…)他就是给你钱的那个人。
He is the man stopped by the car. (= who was stopped by…)他就是那个被车拦住的人。
2)不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生,如gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned等。
例如: a well-read person. 一个读过许多书的人
a much-traveled may 一个去过许多地方的人
a burnt-out match 烧完了的火柴 |