46. Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies, but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.”
63. “As government bureaucracy increases, citizens become more and more separated from their government.”
(1) Administration of a government chiefly through bureaus or departments staffed with nonelected officials. 行政系统：主要通过有未经挑选的官员的政府机关局或处进行的行政管理
(2) The departments and their officials as a group: 官僚：部门和其官员作为一整体的总称： promised to reorganize the federal bureaucracy. 发誓整顿联邦官僚作风
(3) Management or administration marked by diffusion of authority among numerous offices and adherence to inflexible rules of operation: 官僚主义：一种以在众多机构中拥有权威地位，并且固守着不变规则办事为特点的处理或管理： “knew something about bureaucracy and those nameless, faceless forces that can crush the life's blood from the individual”(Rollene W. Saal) “了解一些关于官僚主义和那些无名的、无特征的，并能够将生命的原动力从个体中挤压出来的力量的情况”(罗里尼W.萨尔)
(4) An administrative system in which the need or inclination to follow complex procedures impedes effective action: 官僚制度：一套行政制度，需要或倾向于一个复杂的过程从而阻碍有效行动的行政制度： innovative ideas that get bogged down in red tape and bureaucracy. 陷入繁文缛节和官僚制度中的创新方法
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发表于 2007-11-17 18:46:00
