关于代词指代的问题，纠结

According to some economists, Japan is in danger of plunging into a depression that, with double-digit unemployment, could severely strain a society that regards lifetime employment as a virtual right of citizenship.

(A) that, with double-digit unemployment, could severely strain

(B) that, because of double-digit unemployment, could be a severe strain for

(C) with double-digit unemployment, and it could severely strain

(D) with double-digit unemployment and could be a severe strain（A）

(E) with double-digit unemployment and could severely strain

我想问C中的it指代，因为文章有Japan和depression 2个单数，那C中it可能会指代Japan，所以指代不清吧?

请看下一题的指代

13. A majority of the international journalists surveyed view nuclear power stations as unsafe at present but that they will, or could, be made sufficiently safe in the future.
(A) that they will, or could,
(B) that they would, or could,
(C) they will be or could
(D) think that they will be or could
(E) think the power stations would or could
答案D，they在这里是正确的，但是前面也有2个复数名词journalists和stations，想问问，到底指代错误或混该怎么看啊？

还有一题指代

Students in the metropolitan school district lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming ever more dependent on information-based industries.

(A)  lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming

(B)    lack math skills to a large enough degree that they will be difficult to absorb into a city's economy that becomes

(C)    lack of math skills is so large as to be difficult to absorb them into a city's economy that becomes

(D)    are lacking so much in math skills as to be
                difficult to absorb into a city's economy
                becoming

(E)     are so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult
                to absorb them into a city economy becoming

这里的them指代students，不是skills，为什么可以精确指代呢？

望高手解答！

给你看一篇文章

熟读OG不难发现ETS对代词指代的规律也没有定论.

有时指代中心词
    

OG119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of

(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business

(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of

(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business（B）

(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business

有时就近指代
    

OG1.    The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce occurring when a child.

(A) occurring when a child

(B) occurring when children

(C) that occurred when a child

(D) that occurred when they were children (D)

(E) that has occurred as each was a child

有时按逻辑意思指代
    

OG 114.  From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.

(A) baggage so light

(B) baggage being so light

(C) baggage, yet being so light

(D) baggage, and so light (E)

(E) baggage yet was so light

所以我们在思考的时候不妨运用以下三个方法:

根据主谓一致

OG128. New hardy varieties of rice show promise of producing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.

(A) requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties

(B) requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation

(C) requirements for application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation of earlier high-yielding varieties

(D) application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties（E）

(E) irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties

通过对A  OF  B 中的AB进行逻辑判断, 再决定是就近指代, 还是跳跃修饰

OG127.  In theory, international civil servants at the United Nations are prohibited from continuing to draw salaries from their own governments; in practice, however, some governments merely substitute living allowances for their employees’ paychecks, assigned by them to the United Nations.

(A) for their employees’ paychecks, assigned by them

(B) for the paychecks of their employees who have been assigned

(C) for the paychecks of their employees, having been assigned

(D) in place of their employees’ paychecks, for those of them assigned（B）

(E) in place of the paychecks of their employees to have been assigned by them

根据上下文意思
    

OG71.  The original building and loan associations were organized as limited life funds, whose members made monthly payments on their share subscriptions, then taking turns drawing on the funds for home mortgages.

(A) subscriptions, then taking turns drawing

(B) subscriptions, and then taking turns drawing

(C) subscriptions and then took turns drawing

(D) subscriptions and then took turns, they drew（C）

(E) subscriptions and then drew, taking turns

指代问题是一个极其灵活的考点, 若能避开就避开, 通过其他考点判断. 若指代的错误是effectiveness的问题, 先不要用他来排除选项, 以免冤枉了好人.

又是你呵呵，谢谢，原来指代真的没什么规则可言。我一般都是靠单复数去确定是否指代准确或者代词没有指代对象，这两种去判断的，其他的都只能靠逻辑意思了吗？