（1）    
GWD-8-Q32:

At the annual stockholders meeting, investors heard a
presentation on the numerous challenges facing the company, including among
them the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit and
the declining sales for the company’s powerful microprocessor chip.

A.      including among them the threat from a rival’s
multibillion-dollar patentinfringement suit and the declining sales for

B.      which includes the threat of a rival’s
multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit and declining sales of

C.     included among these the threat from a rival’s
multibillion-dollar patentinfringement suit as well as a decline in sales for

D.     among them the threat of a rival’s multibillion-dollar
patent-infringement suit and the decline in sales of

E.      among these the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar
patent-infringement suit as well as the decline in sales for

A，including修饰主句主语或就近都不对，including和among冗余

B，which就近修饰对象错，declining sales不好

C，these

D is the best，同位语

E，these，threat from不好，sales for不如sales of合适

These这样的词是不能单独指代的，后面经常要加复数名词。

同位语结构

A怎么错了？ 这里的including不是分词做状语在句尾的伴随吗？

A,从逻辑上看，就近修饰challenges，和饰主句谓语都不合适。

B,which修饰company错，就算修饰challenges，后面的I也ncludes应该是复数。

C,过去分词在句尾，一般都是就近修饰，那么修饰company，逻辑意思错误。

D,是同位语，解释challenges,而且and连接的对象是平。

E,对比D选项，首先从平行角度看，as well as 连接的对象没有 D选项and 连接的对象平行。另外the threat 和decline 应该是并列关系，不应该是decline 从属于threat，所以用and更合适。

但是，不知道threat的习惯搭配是什么。等待大家以后看法。

不太理解为什么这个A是“主句谓语都不合适”... 唉，为什么我怎么看怎么顺眼呢？

哦。。。原来如此，，