关于OG11和OG10上注释的比较

同时在看OG11和OG10的注释，发现有一些OG10指出的错误在OG11里没有出现，比如下题的注释：

75.   Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.

(A) that flourished at the same time as the civilizations

(B) that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations

(C) that flourished at the same time those had

(D) flourishing at the same time as those did

(E) flourishing at the same time as those were

Verb form + Agreement

The underlined portion of the sentence is a relative clause that describes, an ancient civilization; the clause correctly uses the simple past tense, flourished, to describe civilizations that existed simultaneously.

A     Correct. In this sentence, the relative clause correctly uses the simple past tense.

B      Use of the past perfect, had flourished, is incorrect because it indicates a time prior to another action; the second had is redundant and unnecessary

C     The plural pronoun those cannot refer to the singular civilization and thus lacks a referent; as is missing but necessary; had is the wrong verb tense

D     The plural pronoun those cannot refer to the singular civilization and thus lacks a referent; did is awkward and unnecessary

E      The plural pronoun those cannot refer to the singular civilization and thus lacks a referent; were is awkward and unnecessary

The correct answer is A.

Choice A, the best answer, uses the simple past tense flourished to describe civilizations existing simultaneously in the past. Choice B wrongly uses the past perfect had flourished; past perfect tense indicates action that was completed prior to some other event described in the simple past tense: for example, "Mayan civilization had ceased to exist by the time Europeans first reached the Americas." Choice C lacks as after time. In choices C, D, and E, the plural pronoun those has no plural noun to which it can refer. In C, had signals the incorrect past perfect; did in D and were in E are awkward and unnecessary. D and E also incorrectly use the present participle flourishing where that flourished is needed.

OG11已经不区分 civilization that flourished和civilization flouring的区别了。

这样的例子不止一处。

我想问的是，究竟应该遵从OG11上的解释，还是需要结合OG10的解释呢？

拜请赐教～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～

没有人回答。。。

78.   Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(A) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang

(B) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs were hanging

(C) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches,
                with arms and legs hanging

(E) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs have hung

Verb form + Logical predication

The subject of the main clause is visitors, which should be followed by two verbs using the same tense: have looked and have seen. Have does not need to be repeated in the second verb; it is entirely correct simply to let it be understood.

The modifying clause whose arms and legs illogically refers to branches, which immediately precedes it, rather than to monkeys.
                Replacing the clause with the phrase with arms and legs hanging corrects this error.

A     Saw is the wrong verb tense; the clause incorrectly modifies branches；
                    OG10认为hang时态不对

B      Saw is the wrong verb tense; the clause does not modify monkeys

C     Saw is the wrong verb tense

D     Correct. The verb tense is correct in this sentence, and the phrase correctly modifies monkeys.　OG10认为with...修饰的是sleeping

E      The clause modifies branches rather than monkeys; have hung is the wrong tense

The correct answer is D.

Choices A, B, and C use have ... saw where have ... seen is required. Choices A, B, and E awkwardly separate the relative clause beginning whose arms and legs ... from monkeys, the noun it modifies. Choices A and E also confusingly use the present tense hang and the present perfect have hung, respectively; neither verb conveys clearly that, at the time the monkeys were spotted sleeping, their arms and legs were hanging in the manner described. Choice D, the best answer, not only forms a correct and clear sentence by supplying the present perfect verb have ... seen, but also solves the problem of the whose ... clause by using the appropriately placed adverbial phrase with arms and legs hanging... to modify sleeping.