Question 1-9 Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including many that were once considered undesirable noises. Composer Edgard Varese (1883-1965) called thus the "liberation of sound...the right to make music with any and all sounds." Line Electronic music, for example—made with the aid of computers, synthesizers, and (5) electronic instruments—may include sounds that in the past would not have been considered musical. Environmental sounds, such as thunder, and electronically generated hisses and blips can be recorded, manipulated, and then incorporated into a musical composition. But composers also draw novel sounds from voices and nonelectronic instruments. Singers may be asked to scream, laugh, groan, sneeze, or to sing phonetic (10) sounds rather than words. Wind and string players may lap or scrape their instruments. A brass or woodwind player may hum while playing, to produce two pitches at once;a pianist may reach inside the piano to pluck a string and then run a metal blade along it. In the music of the Western world, the greatest expansion and experimentation have involved percussion instruments, which outnumber strings and winds in many recent compositions. (15) Traditional percussion instruments are struck with new types of beaters; and instruments that used to be couriered unconvennonal in Western music—tom-toms, bongos, slapsticks, maracas—are widelv used. In the search for novel sounds, increased use has been made in Western music of Microtones.Non-Western music typically divides and interval between two pitches more (20) finely than Western music does, thereby producing a greter number of distinct tones, or micro tones, within the same interval. Composers such as Krzysztof Pmderecki create sound that borders on electronic noise through tone clusters—closely spaced tones played together and heard as a mass, block, or band of sound. The directional aspect of sound has taken on new importance as well Loudspeakers or groups of instruments may be placed (25) at opposite ends of the stage, in the balcony, or at the back and sides of the auditorium. Because standard music notation makes no provision for many of these innovations, recent music scores may contain graphlike diagrams, new note shapes and symbols, and novel ways of arranging notation on the page.
8. According to the passage, which of the following would be considered traditional elements of Western music? (A) Microtones (B) Tom-toms and bongos (C) Pianos (D) Hisses
我选B， 15－17行不是提到了么tradional 了么？
但是答案是C
9. In paragraph 3, the author mentions diagrams as an example of a new way to (A) chart the history of innovation in musical notation (B) explain the logic of standard musical notation (C) design and develop electronic instruments (D) indicate how particular sounds should be produced 我选的C，答案是D
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发表于 2005-5-16 19:48:00
