lsat 19 (2.1) questions

1stzhang · 发表于 2003-7-17 11:51:00

[face=Georgia]10. Michelangelo's sixteenth-century Sistine Chapel paintings are currently being restored. A goal of the restorers is to uncover Michelangelo's original work, and so additions made to Michelangelo's paintings by later artists are being removed. However, the restorers have decided to make one exception: to leave intact additions that were painted by da Volterra.

Which one of the following, if true, most helps to reconcile the restorers' decision with the goal stated in the passage?

(A) The restorers believe that da Volterra stripped away（去掉） all previous layers of paint before he painted his own additions to the Sistine Chapel.

(B) Because da Volterra used a type of pigment that is especially sensitive to light, the additions to the Sistine Chapel that ad Volterra painted have relatively muted colors.

(C) Da Volterra's additions were painted in a style that was similar to the style used by Michelangelo.

(D) Michelangelo is famous primarily for his sculptures and only secondarily for his paintings, whereas da Volterra is known exclusively for his paintings.

(E) Da Volterra's work is considered by certain art historians to be just as valuable as the work of additions to Michelangelo's work.

这个题目的答案选A可以问问。

11. A controversial（又争议的） program rewards prison inmates who behave particularly well in prison by giving them the chance to receive free cosmetic plastic surgery（整形手术） performed by medical students. The program is obviously morally questionable, both in its assumptions about what inmates might want and in its use of the prison population to train future surgeons. Putting these moral issues aside however the surgery clearly has a powerful rehabilitative effect as is shown by the fact that, among recipients of the surgery the proportion who are convicted of new crimes committed after release is only half that for the prison population as a whole.

A flaw in the reasoning of the passage is that it

(A) allows moral issues to be a consideration in presenting evidence about matters of fact

(B) dismisses moral considerations on the grounds that only matters of fact are relevant

(C) labels the program as "controversial" instead of discussing the issues that give rise to controversy

(D) asserts that the rehabilitation of criminals is not a moral issue

(E) relles on evidence drawn from a sample that there is reason to believe is unrepresentative

这个题目的答案选E

13. There are just two ways a moon could have been formed from the planet around which it travels: either part of the planet's outer shell spun off into orbit around the planet or else a large object, such as a come or meteoroid struck the planet so violently that it dislodged a mass of material form inside the planet Earth's moon consists primarily of materials different from those of the Earth's outer shell.

If the statements above are true which one of the following if also true would most help to justify drawing the conclusion that Earth's moon was not formed from a piece of the Earth?

(A) The moons of some planets in Earth's solar system were not formed primarily from the planets' outer shells.

(B) Earth's moon consists primarily of elements that differ from those inside the Earth.

(C) Earth's gravity cannot have trapped a meteoroid and pulled it into orbit as the Moon.

(D) The craters on the surface of Earth's moon show that it has been struck by many thousands of large meteoroids.

(E) Comets and large meteoroids normally move at very high speeds.

这个题目我觉得B/C都是对的[/face]

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-7-17 11:53:41编辑过]

mindfree · 发表于 2003-7-18 12:24:00

1. Just discussed. Find it on the top of the section.

2. Explained before. The key is that only those inmates who "behave particularly well in prison" are chosen for this program. Therefore, quoting the fact that only half of these recepients have been convicted again is not making sense.

In another word, I only chose pretty and fit woman for a shaping program and I conclude that the program is effective because those who got out of the program are pretty and fit. Nonsense.

3. B and C are different. C counters the hypothese that moon is a foreign object trapped by the earth and therefore supports the theory that moon was spun off from the earth. B is correct.

Bensontuo · 发表于 2019-7-26 19:59:20

1stzhang 发表于 2003-7-17 11:51
[face=Georgia]10. Michelangelo's sixteenth-century Sistine Chapel paintings are currently being rest ...

Question 11 - Flaw

P1: Controversial Program rewards good prisoner by plastic surgery performed by medical students.

P2: It's morally questionable

P2: A assumption - What prisoner might want / B assumption - medical student use the surgeries to be trained.

C: Putting these moral issue aside; however, the surgery crearly has a powerful rehabilitative effect as is shown by the fact that among recipients of the surgery, the proportion who are convicted of new crimes committed after release is only half that for the prison population as a whole

Ok, here are few things to discussed about, lets say the overall population of prisons : A, and prisoners with surgeries: B, then my question is, before the surgery, how much is the original population of the prisoners, second, how much would be the population would be the overall population of the prisoners after the surgery ? Apparently. there is no any support offering the exact numbers. Third, for prisoners with surgeries who are convicted of new crimes committed after release is only " half " of the population for the prison population as a whole, then if we assume that A is the overall population " after the surgeries ", then it must be true that Some of B / A = 0.5, based on the information we know. However, being convicted of the new crimes committed for some of those prisoner receiving the surgeries representing 50% of A does not mean if there are any other prisoners receiving the surgeries whom have not been convicted for committing the crimes would not " also " be convicted in the future. By the same token, without a giving timeline, exact size of the samples of the subgroups and also the total group, there is no way for us to truly determine whether the correlation shown could prove a certain interpretation of that correlation or not.

let us dive into the answers.

A: The conclusion has stated that " beside the moral issues ", and we are looking for the " flaw " in the reasoning.

B: Whether dismiss the moral considerations or not, it does not really relevant to the argument presented. As said, the reasoning above is " Interpret a trend from the sample, being unable to represent any subgroup or group. "

C: Totally off the scope

D: Based on the argument, it stated really clear that " beside the moral issue " .

E. Totally match with our inference above - we do really have reasons to believe that the correction could be true, but not necessary to be true. Correct answer.

Question 13

Spot the question type: " Justify the conclusion "

* If you ever seen the question type of justifying the conclusion in the passage, you must be always ask yourself does the supports given from the argument sufficient enough to guarantee the the conclusions. Which is to say, you want to look for the other assumption that can form a reasonable logic chains inferred from the argument.

So the structure of the argument is

P1: It must be either A ( part of the planet's outer shell spun off into orbit around the planet ) or B ( a large object, such as comet or meteoroid struck the planet so violently that it dislodged a mass of material form inside the planet. ), If C ( moon made of planet ).

Inference: If C, then A or B, or ( A + B )

If no C, then No A + No B or No ( A+ B )

P2 : Moon of the Earth consists primarily of materials different from those of the Earth's outer shell. ( No C )

C: Earth's moon was not formed from a piece of the Earth.

Inference:

As engaging with the argument and strategizing the tactics of looking for right answer, we must know that the right answer of this question could be the paraphrase of " If moon was not made of earth, then it must be true that No A + No B or No ( A+B ).

Then in order to make the logic air tight, we have to look for the appearance of No B ( the mass material inside of earth is not the same as it of moon )

A. Which just cited the other examples that also show the same characteristic of the moon of the earth, and which does not prove the fact that the moon can't have the same materials as the earth does.

B. Bingo

C. The fact that the gravity of Earth can't have trapped the meteoroid and pulled it into orbit as the moon does not prove the fact that no meteorite would not have pulled by the gravity of the other planets and changed its orbit, which would bump into Earth. For example: Even though you are really careful as driving the car to best avoid the car accidents does not mean that no reckless drivers would never hit you.

D. The craters of the moon only show the fact that it was hit by the meteoroid. However, it does not show the fact that whether moon and earth does or does not share the same materials.

E. Off the scope.

lsat 19 (2.1) questions

lsat 19 (2.1) questions

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