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哎，这阅读怎么越读越没信心了！！！
大家帮帮忙！
Question 1-10
After 1785, the production of children's books in the Untied States increased but
remained largely reprints of British books, often those published by John Newbery, the
first publisher to produce books aimed primarily at diverting a child audience. Ultimate]y,
Line however, it was not the cheerful, commercial-minded Newhery, but Anglo -Irish author
5 Maria Edgeworth who had the strongest influence on this period of American children's
literature. The eighteenth century had seen a gradual shift away from the spiritual intensity
of earlier American relig ious writings for children, toward a more generalized moralism.
Newbery notwithstanding, Americans still looked on children's books as vehicles for
instruction, not amusement , though they would accept a moderate amount of fictional
10 entertainment for the sake of more successful instruction. As the children's book market
expanded, then, what both public and publishers wanted was the kind of fiction Maria
Edgeworth wrote: stories interesting enough to attract children and morally instructive
enough to allay adult distrust of fiction,
American reaction against imported books for children set in after the War of 1812
15 with the British. A wave of nationalism permeated everything,and the self-conscious new
nation found foreign writings (particularly those from the British monarchy) unsuitable for
the children of a democratic republic, a slate of self-governing, equal citizens. Publishers
of children's books began to encourage American writers to write for American children.
When they responded, the pattern established by Maria Edgeworth was at hand, attractive
20 to most of them for both its rationalism and its high moral tone. Early in the 1820's,
stories of willful children learning to obey, of careless children learning to take care,
of selfish children learning to "tire for others," started to flow from American presses,
successfully achieving Edgeworth's tone, though rarely her lively style. Imitative as
they were, these early American stories wee quite distinguishable from their British
25 counterparts. Few servants appeared in them, and if class distinctions had by no means
disappeared, there was much democratic insistence on the worthiness of every level of
birth and work. The characters of children in this fiction were serious, conscientious.
self -reflective, and independent-testimony to the continuing influence of the earlier
American moralistic tradition in children's books.
2. The publisher John Newbery is principally known for which of the following reasons?
(A) He produced and sold books written by Maria Edgeworth.
(B) He had more influence on children
American children's literature than any other
publisher,
(C) He published books aimed
amusing children rather than
instructing them.
(D) He was commercially minded
and cheerfu l.
答案是C？但是D错在哪里了？
Question 11 -21
Lichens. probably the hardiest of all plants, live where virtually nothing else can ---not
just on rugged mountain peaks but also on sunbaked desert rocks. They are usually the
first life to appear on a mountainside that has been scraped bare by an avalanche.
Line Unlike other members of the plant kingdom, lichens are actually a partnership between
5 two plants. The framework of a lichen is usually a network of minute hairlike fungus that
anchors the plant, The other component is an alga (similar to the green film of plant life
that grows on stagnant pools) that is distributed throughout the fungus. Being green plants,
algae are capable of photosynthesis --that is, using energy from the Sun to manufacture
their own food. The fungi arc believed to supply water, minerals, and physical support to
10 the partnership.
Lichens are famous for their ability to survive ~ water shortage. When water is scarce
(as is often the case on a mountain), lichens may become dormant and remain in that
condition for prolonged periods of time. Some lichens can even grow where there is no
rain at all, surviving on only occasional dew --the moisture that condenses on the surface
15 of the plants at night, And unlike most other plants, lichens are little affected by the strong
ultraviolet rays in the mountains.
Lichens use little energy, for they grow slowly. Some grow so slowly and are so old
that they are called "time stains." You may find lichens that are centuries old; certain of
these lichen colonies have been established for an estimated 2,000 years.
20 For decades, scientists wondered how the offspring of an alga and a fungus got together
to form a new lichen, it seemed unlikely that they would just happen lo encounter one
another. It was finally discovered that in many cases the two partners have never been
separated. Stalklike "buds" that form on certain lichens are broken off by the wind or by
animals; these toll or are blown to a new location
19. What does the phrase "lichen colonies (line 19)suggest?
(A) Nothing but lichens live in some locations.
(B) Many lichens live together in one area.
(C) Lichens displace the plants that surround them.
(D)Certain groups of lichens have never been separated.
为啥答案是B？A也可以的么！
Question 22-31
The languages spoken by early Europeans are still shrouded in mystery. There is no
linguistic continuity between the languages of Old Europe (a term sometimes used for
Europe between 7000 and 3000 B.C.) and the languages of the modem world, and we
Line cannot yet translate the Old European script, Scholars have deciphered other ancient
5 languages , such as Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian, which used the cuneiform
script, because of the fortuitous discovery of bilingual inscriptions, When cuneiform
tablets were first discovered in the eighteenth century, scholars could not decipher them.
Then inscriptions found in baa at the end of the eighteenth century provided a link: these
inscriptions were written in cuneiform and in two other ancient languages, Old Persian
10 and New Elamite--languages that had already been deciphered. It took several decades,
but scholars eventually translated the ancient cuneiform script via the more familiar
Old Persian language:
Similarly, the hieroglyphic writing of the Egyptians remained a mystery until French
troops unearthed the famous Rosetta stone in the late eighteenth century. The stone carried
15 the same message written in ancient Greek, Egyptian hieroglyphs, and Egyptian hieratic,
a simplified form of hieroglyphs. The Rosetta stone thwarted scholars' efforts for several
decades until the early nineteenth century when several key hieroglyphic phrases were
decoded using the Greek inscriptions. Unfortunately, we have no Old European Rosetta
stone to chart correspondences between Old European script and the languages that
20 replaced it.
Tim incursions of Indo -European tribes into Old Europe from the late fifth to the
early third millennia B.C. caused a linguistic and cultural discontinuity. These incursions
disrupted the Old European sedentary farming lifestyle that had existed for 3,000 years
As the Indo-Europeans encroached on Old Europe from the east, the continent underwent
25 upheavals. These severely affected the Balkans, where the Old European cultures
abundantly employed script. The Old European way of life deteriorated rapidly, although
pockets of Old European culture remained for several millennia, ~ new peoples spoke
completely different languages belonging to the Indo -European linguistic family. The
Old European language or languages, and the script used to write them, declined and
eventually vanished.
27. When does the passage suggest that ancient Egyptian hieroglypttic script was finally deciphered?
(A) At around the same time as cuneiform script was deciphered
(B) Shortly before the Rosetta stone was unearthed
(C) As soon as additional bilingual inscriptions became available to scholars
(D) A few decades after the hieratic script was decoded
虽然我选的是D，但仔细看看知道是不对的，可是参考答案更离谱啊，居然是Ａ？这题怎么回事呀？ 
[此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-14 9:23:41编辑过] | 
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发表于 2004-11-13 22:13:00
楼主
大家对第二题和第19题还有更多建议吗？
