[求助]OG 9 语法点看不懂

9.     Astronomers at the Palomar Observatory have discovered a distant supernova explosion, one that they believe is a type previously unknown to science.

(A) that they believe is

(B) that they believe it to be

(C) they believe that it is of

(D) they believe that is（E）

(E) they believe to be of

Choice E is best. The pronoun that in A and B should be deleted, since the pronoun one is sufficient to introduce the modifier and the sentence is more fluid without that. In B and C, it and that it are intrusive and ungrammatical: the idiom is “believe x to be y.” In the context of this sentence, the infinitive to be is more appropriate than the limited present-tense is in referring to an event that occurred long ago but has been discovered only recently. Finally, A, B, and D lack of and so illogically equate this particular explosion with the whole class of explosions to which it belongs: it is not a type but possibly one of a type.

在菜鸟手册里写的四个语法点，分别是“修饰错误”，“用词准确性”，“逻辑意思表达的准确性”和“同位语结构”，我看不出来是指的什么地方。请NN们指点。

修饰错误-since the pronoun one is sufficient to introduce the modifier and the sentence is more fluid without that.

用词准确性-the infinitive to be is more appropriate than the limited present-tense is in referring to an event that occurred long ago but has been discovered only recently

逻辑意思表达的准确性-A, B, and D lack of and so illogically equate this particular explosion with the whole class of explosions to which it belongs: it is not a type but possibly one of a type.

同位语结构- 逗号后面one引导的就是同位语

这道题告诉我，

1 one的用法

2 believe 的用法

3 to be什么情况下比is 好

4 系动词前后逻辑对等

我也是菜鸟，我觉得菜鸟手册的好处主要在于帮助我们认真地一句一句的分析OG的解释。目标是全面准确理解OG的每一句解释，且最好能融会贯通。

欢迎讨论和指正。

修饰错误应该是指考虑到简介的原因，that应该省略掉；

用词准确性和逻辑意思的准确表达应该是believe to be of，believe to be是较为准确的用法，而of可以准确表达原文意思；

同位语结构就简单了，就是one引导的从句修饰a distant supernova explosion。

再讨论。

偶开始也看得很慢，一个小时5-10个，还不算看讨论帖的时间。表着急。对于看半天也看不懂的地方可以做个记号，可能第二遍看的时候会有豁然开朗的时候。总之第一编不要囫囵吞枣也不要死钻牛角间。

加油！！

如果that引导的先行词作宾语是可以省略的，但如果是主语的话则不能省！如句子变为：

one that they think is of a type. they think作插入语，句子实为that (the explosion) is of a type.

Carbon-14 dating reveals that the megalithic monu­ments in Brittany are nearly 2,000 years older than any of their supposed Mediterranean predecessors.

这句话的意思是什么？我感觉比较糊涂。