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以下是引用stoneren在2004-9-9 13:23:00的发言：
从语法角度上讲，逗号后的定语结构可以修饰growth，railroads，abolition或local times这四个名词，相比而言，定语结构跨谓语修饰主语的现象比较罕见，当然不排除可能性，尤其是修饰倒装；但是，从逻辑的角度看，determined和differing只能修饰times，when the sun...明显暗示了针对times这个时间概念，而如果没有这个短语，仅仅是differing，倒有可能造成指代不明的现象。
谢谢斑竹！但是还有疑问：
您所说“定语结构跨谓语修饰主语的现象比较罕见”，我认为分词结构前没有逗号的时候的确是这样的。但是在有逗号的情况下，一般都是跨谓语修饰整个句子的主语。比如：
256. The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.
(A) The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.
(B) To the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote two letters, being the only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(C) The only eyewitness account is in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(D) Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder's nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.
(E) In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
这道题答案是E。对B为何错,ets这样解释：In B, the verb phrase that begins being the only eyewitness accounts modifies the subject of the preceding clause, suggesting non-sensically that the nephew of Pliny the Elder himself was the eyewitness accounts. 可见，现在分词being在语法功能上只能修饰的是前边句子的主语，而非最近的名词letters.
同样的，我们讨论的这道题目，由于在determined和differing前有逗号存在，决定了他们在语法功能上只能修饰growth,不存在指代不明的问题。
还是十分疑惑，请赐教，谢谢！ | 
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发表于 2004-9-9 00:18:00
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