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[作文] Argument分类--按错误类型

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发表于 2011-10-9 10:42:55 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
Inferring future (current/past) condition from past (current) condition:


1,2,4,5,8,11,13,15,18,20,21,22,23,25,30,32,36,37,48,52,61,62,65,67,68,73,78,85,87,93,94,95,100,116,119,130,134,136,138,140,146,151,158,161,167,168,171,183,190,201,204,208,209,213,216,218,219,225,226,230,237,240,241


Sufficiency/necessity of the solution:


3,7,8,9,10,12,18,19,20,24,25,26,28,30,39,41,42,43,48,52,54,59,60,64,65,68,69,74,79,80,82,83,85,86,87,90,91,94,96,97,98,99,100,102,104,105,106,107,108,110,111,112,115,116,117,122,123,124,125,127,128,129,131,134,135,136,137,139,140,141,145,146,147,149,152,153,155,157,159,161,162,163,164,166,168,169,170,172,173,175,177,178,181,183,185,187,188,189,190,191,192,194,195,196,197,200,201,204,205,206,208,209,211,212,213,215,217,219,222,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,232,236,237,238,239,240,242


Insufficient evidence:


5,6,7,14,18,23,24,27,29,31,33,36,37,40,44,46,47,52,54,56,57,58,61,67,69,70,73,74,81,93,94,110,111,115,117,130,131,136,138,143,148,150,155,157,165,171,179,190,193,198,201,202,204,211,213,223,231,236,237,238,241


Unwarranted assumption:


6,8,11,12,13,14,15,17,21,22,23,25,28,33,50,53,56,62,64,66,67,74,75,78,83,84,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,95,100,101,102,104,105,108,110,112,113,114,118,120,121,122,125,126,127,128,129,130,132,134,136,137,140,142,144,145,146,148,151,152,156,157,160,161,163,164,169,170,172,174,177,178,179,181,191,192,194,195,197,202,204,205,206,208,210,212,216,218,219,221,222,223,225,228,231,235,236,239,242


Vague data:


4,5,8,9,11,12,14,16,20,22,23,25,27,31,32,39,42,44,49,52,55,68,70,71,73,77,79,87,89,100,103,120,122,124,130,133,134,135,141,143,144,145,155,159,165,175,177,182,183,189,194,196,199,200,203,204,206,211,212,214,216,222,223,231,236,238


Incomplete information:


6,7,8,10,14,15,17,18,20,21,24,27,29,30,32,35,36,38,39,42,43,44,46,49,52,54,64,65,66,68,70,71,73,77,79,81,82,83,84,85,87,88,89,90,91,92,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,103,104,105,107,108,116,117,119,120,127,130,135,137,141,143,144,145,147,150,152,155,161,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,174,175,179,180,181,183,184,185,191,192,193,198,199,200,203,205,206,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,221,222,224,225,226,228,229,231,232,233,235,237,238,239,240,241,242


Unrelated concepts:


1,3,4,10,11,16,20,23,29,31,34,35,36,38,40,44,48,49,53,55,58,63,67,68,72,77,80,81,85,87,88,89,91,93,96,101,105,106,107,114,120,121,124,130,132,133,134,139,140,143,146,153,155,156,160,161,166,167,172,173,175,181,183,187,188,190,193,194,196,198,199,200,201,203,212,214,215,216,217,218,220,221,223,231,233,234,235,239,241


Changing scopes:


3,6,8,10,19,22,23,28,29,40,41,44,45,49,51,60,70,80,83,84,87,90,91,93,94,95,96,97,98,113,115,116,117,118,119,121,126,129,130,131,134,135,145,147,148,150,154,156,158,165,171,172,175,176,180,185,187,188,193,194,195,203,205,206,207,211,213,217,218,220,223,230,233,234,242


Hasty generalization:


38,54,56,59,61,66,81,89,98,137,140,154


False analogy:


2,4,9,12,13,16,18,20,25,26,28,29,31,35,38,39,41,42,43,44,55,56,67,72,89,91,92,94,97,99,102,108,109,110,116,119,124,125,131,132,133,149,152,155,160,162,169,177,180,182,186,187,192,198,204,205,209,210,211,212,218,226,230,232,235,236,237,238,239


Incomplete comparison/ex parte information:


2,4,17,24,34,49,51,57,60,63,64,77,81,82,85,93,96,98,101,103,105,109,114,126,129,131,132,139,151,159,162,166,167,172,173,179,186,187,188,193,200,203,211,212,214,216,220,222,231,233,234,238,241


Confusing comparison and variation:


23,48,63,85,106,132,135,168,173,179,180,186,188,206,216,224,240


Lack of comparison/controlled experiment:


18,23,41,59,75,76,85,103,122,128,153,167,168,175,176,180,206,207,224,236,237,241,242


Incomplete thought:


1,10,11,15,17,24,27,29,31,32,34,35,37,47,49,50,51,52,53,54,58,59,66,69,71,73,78,84,86,87,90,95,97,98,100,104,107,108,110,111,120,123,124,125,126,128,130,134,136,142,143,144,145,147,151,169,177,193,202,236,239


Failing to weigh the advantage and disadvantage thoroughly:


1,2,5,9,13,14,21,22,23,24,38,39,40,43,44,52,55,60,62,63,65,67,69,71,72,76,80,82,84,86,89,92,94,96,98,101,102,104,105,107,108,111,112,114,118,119,122,124,125,127,128,129,133,136,151,152,157,160,163,164,168,169,170,172,173,174,176,178,180,181,182,184,185,186,188,189,191,192,193,200,201,204,206,208,210,213,215,217,218,221,224,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,234,237,242


Failing to consider the credibility of the evidence:


46,47,66,72,76,88,118,136,151,176,226


Failing to consider the feasibility of the conclusion:


2,24,28,29,39,42,43,51,64,71,86,90,99,102,125,129,132,137,139,141,143,155,163,164,169,172,175,176,178,187,189,191,194,195,204,208,209,210,211,212,217,226,228,230,232,233


False dilemma:


5,33,41,47,82,93,108,113,138,148,150,166,175,182,184,185,190,195,196,202,204,205,213,218,220,233


Non causal relationship:


1,3,4,6,7,9,12,15,18,19,20,22,26,27,28,33,35,38,39,42,43,44,45,47,48,49,54,55,56,62,63,64,69,70,74,76,77,78,79,80,81,85,88,90,94,96,97,98,106,109,110,112,113,116,119,120,121,122,124,125,131,132,133,135,136,137,139,141,144,145,147,149,150,156,158,159,160,162,167,168,169,171,172,176,181,187,190,192,193,194,199,201,207,209,212,218,220,221,222,223,224,225,228,231,232,235,236,241


Confusing concurrence with causality:


1,53,59,60,72,75,90,91,101,105,129,142,153,173,238


Confusing the cause and the effect:


34,72,79,88,105,114,126,129,133,145,153,154,211,227,232


Post hoc, ergo propter hoc:


2,9,16,25,30,92,99,102,110,119,123,170,180,195,205,215,218,230,237,239,242


Negative evidence:


6,21,62,100,138,139,145,158,173,178,183,189,190,192,200,203,210,216,217,218,225,234,240,241


Definition of the critical term:


53,72,81,91,105,141,153,167,179,195,196,211,219,223,226,239


Selective sample(含changing scopes):


4,14,16,45,63,65,67,80,84,88,90,97,123,146,154,156,168,179,185,193,196,207,227,231,232,236,238,239


Quantity of the sample(含changing scopes):


10,14,33,40,53,69,95,115,123,132,139,150,154,158,167,179,180,188,191,239


Are the respondents representative?:


11,15,17,28,34,40,43,52,55,57,62,65,76,95,102,111,115,117,153,154,161,167,168,174,194,201,206,212,218,224,235


What question was asked in the survey?:


17,115,147,220


When was the survey conducted?:


62,235


Are the respondents being forthright?:


92,199,211,242


Who conducted the survey?:


115,156


Reliability of the survey:


126,142,144,154,174,176,185,186,213


Do the statistics make any difference?:


158,165,183,202,211,217
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沙发
发表于 2011-10-9 10:54:07 | 只看该作者
呃。。老G的呢
板凳
发表于 2011-10-11 08:54:42 | 只看该作者
顶顶顶,这个就是我上次说想要的。按这个分类把题目过一遍,就不怕找不出理由啦啦~~
地板
发表于 2011-10-12 10:30:10 | 只看该作者
顶顶顶,这是我最喜欢的帖子,每天顶。如果你照这样复习,有用处,也来顶啊。
5#
发表于 2011-10-15 15:18:45 | 只看该作者
老G的啊。。。
6#
发表于 2011-10-16 11:22:27 | 只看该作者
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