- UID
- 859611
- 在线时间
- 小时
- 注册时间
- 2013-2-23
- 最后登录
- 1970-1-1
- 主题
- 帖子
- 性别
- 保密
|
以下摘自08语法笔记，08-1第207题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. 关于夹心修饰 (by aeoluseros)：
所谓歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词，见下例：
prep 2-104 The yield per acre of coffee berries varies enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on climate and
altitude, is able to produce enough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried beans a year.
这个句子里depending不能改为dependent，因为depending和dependent的区别在于，前者伴随修饰谓语动词is able to produce，后者则是修饰名词single tree，会造成逻辑上不对。用dependent时："依靠于size的一棵树能够长出足够的浆果"。用depending时，“一棵树取决它的size来做到长出足够的浆果”。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.我认为此处“在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词”是错误的。在此例句中，之所以没有产生夹心歧义是因为，doing在此处对应主系表结构“be able to”是不存在伴随的可能性的。【摘自08笔记（1-188）系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”】所以此处的doing只能是对前面的名字“tree”进行修饰。
Prep08-1-188
正确句子：Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from
birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
此处无歧义原因同上。
2.当结构是"主，分词，V"的情况下是会产生歧义的。
GWD-1-Q29:
Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000
United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.
CORRECT:Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, a new
study of the 2000 United States presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 mi
llion votes cast were not counted.
E. A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and
problems at polling places, has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast.
E、had not been counted过去完成时没有根据；分词位置有歧义（所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语）；estimated 后面少that
很多时候的“夹心”是指在主语和谓语之间加入分词修饰。
大全162
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on
her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and
理由如上
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
个人观点：
夹心歧义本质是：夹在两个成分之间的部分，可同时对前后两个成分进行修饰的歧义。
大致分两种情况：1.N, 成分，N 成分可以同时修饰前后两个名词N
2.N, 成分，V 成分可以做N的定语或做V的状语
常见的造成歧义歧义的成分有：只要是能修饰名词，或能同时做定语和状语的成分
特例：1.N，分词，系动词 无歧义
2.N, 成分，N 当前后两个N表达同一个东西的时候无歧义。（见PREP笔记08-1-190D选项解析）
|
|
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号
发表于 2013-2-27 14:06:42
收藏
收藏
楼主
