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Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network which kept the brain from getting too hot.

正确答案: B

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OG 11th SC-7

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楼主
发表于 2006-1-5 16:02:00 | 只看该作者

OG 11th SC-7

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network (which kept) the brain from getting too hot.

A. which kept
B. that keeps
C. which has kept
D. that has been keeping
E. having kept

The answer is B, there is no doubt about it.

Then, OG says: The two underlined words contain two separate errors. The pronoun (which) introduces ***nonrestrictive*** clauses, which include information relevant but not critical to an understanding of the sentence.  The pronoun (that) introduces a restrictive clause, which is critical to understanding the sentence because the clause defines its antecedent.  Here, the clause following (which) defines heat-exchange network, so (that) must be used in place of (which).  The use of the past tense (kept) is incorrect because a current situation is discussed; the present tense (keeps) is consistent with the other verbs in the sentense.

B Correct. (that) introduces a restrictive clause; (keeps) indicates a current situation and is consistent with the other verbs in the sentence.

请问"The pronoun (which) introduces ***nonrestrictive*** clauses"是什么意思,是ETS想解释一个语法现象,还是别的什么,这里用的是"clauses"而不是"clause".  但是句子里的which前并没有逗号,应该是restrictive clause.谢谢.
沙发
发表于 2006-1-15 12:38:00 | 只看该作者
加复数没有关系啦,就是在说限定性和非限定性。可能这里就说明了ETS已经明确表示非限定性定从只能用which,当然按照我们的理解也要加上逗号;而限定性只能用that。这样记住好了。
板凳
发表于 2006-1-15 12:56:00 | 只看该作者
同意
地板
发表于 2006-6-4 16:53:00 | 只看该作者

总觉得很多时候限定性与非限定性定语从句可以互换,像这题, 如果出现一个选项是 ",which keeps" 那要怎么选?

relevant but not critical 什么是relevant什么是critical?

5#
发表于 2006-6-4 17:03:00 | 只看该作者

Seasnow已经说了,在GMAT语法里能表达限制性定语从句的只能用that,所以没有互换之说。

6#
发表于 2006-6-4 17:24:00 | 只看该作者

谢谢carolhide,我的意思是,这句话

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network,which keeps the brain from getting too hot.

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network that keeps the brain from getting too hot.

从语法角度来看都可以成立,只是意思不同而已.在做题时,我也知道要通过逻辑判断它是限定性的还是非限定性的,我想知道的是在判断时:

The pronoun (which) introduces nonrestrictive clauses, which include information relevant but not critical to an understanding of the sentence.
什么是relevant,什么是critical ?

7#
发表于 2006-6-4 17:39:00 | 只看该作者
不知道MM的意思,是问relevant和critical的意思?这段话就是解释了一下何为非限制性从句。
8#
发表于 2006-6-6 15:25:00 | 只看该作者

是否说

在理解句子时,非限定性从句的信息与主句信息仅仅相关;限定性从句对于主句信息是critical的?

9#
发表于 2006-6-6 15:39:00 | 只看该作者

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network,which keeps the brain from getting too hot.

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network that keeps the brain from getting too hot.

意思不同???、

为什么不同?我怎么看着是一样的?

 

10#
发表于 2006-6-14 16:26:00 | 只看该作者
以下是引用当当84在2006-6-4 17:24:00的发言:

谢谢carolhide,我的意思是,这句话

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network,which keeps the brain from getting too hot.

Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network that keeps the brain from getting too hot.

从语法角度来看都可以成立,只是意思不同而已.在做题时,我也知道要通过逻辑判断它是限定性的还是非限定性的,我想知道的是在判断时:

The pronoun (which) introduces nonrestrictive clauses, which include information relevant but not critical to an understanding of the sentence.
什么是relevant,什么是critical ?

我想限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的差别如下,请各位看看是不是对:

限定性定从:

1、与被修饰对象紧密相连,没有逗号隔开。

 2、作用:用于限定被修饰对象起限定作用,可当作句子的主要成份,因此不能去掉,因为去掉后影响句子主要意思。

3、被修饰的先行词为物时,关系代词只能用that。(先行词为人时,就为who)

非限定性定从:

1、与被修饰对象间有逗号隔开。

2、作用:用于对被修饰对象进行解释说明,去掉不影响句子要表达的主要意思。(可当作句子的插入语,同位语等非主要成份来看待,去掉也不影响句意)

3、被修饰的先行词为物时,关系代词只能用which。(先行词为人时,就为who)

“食肉哺乳动物能忍受致命的身体热的水平,因为它们有能阻止大脑变得过热的热交换网络。”

从本句来看,必须用限定性定从对network进行限定,不能用非限定性定从。因为本句的定语从句去掉后句意受到很大影响,不能完整。所以本句只能用限定性定语从句,而不能用非限定性定语从句。

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