大全section10-1中的形容词组

212.
                The Baldrick Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving the efficiency of its distribution system.

(A) aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving

(B) aimed at the decreasing of operating costs and to improve

(C) aiming at the decreasing of operating costs and improving

(D) the aim of which is the decreasing of operating costs and improving（A）

(E) with the aim to decrease operating costs and to improve

The best choice, A, offers an adjective phrase (aimed at 是形容词短语，不是动词过去分词) unequivocally modifying policy and exhibiting grammatical parallelism (decreasing... and improving).
        

答案是A，可以理解

不理解的点在于为什么aimed at是形容词组，有很多题都是说到policy啊，law啊，什么的，后面都用v-ing表示这些法律法规制定的内容吗？

还想请教分词修饰，是不是遵循就近原则，v-ing表示和前面的一个词是主动关系，-ed表示被动关系？

谢谢～

 The Baldrick Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy(which is)aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving the efficiency of its distribution system. 这里把which is省略掉了。

分析一下： BCD用了the decreasing，错。应该用正确的名词形式decrease.但即使用了decrease，也不如A。

                     E用了抽象名词aim，不如A。

原来的结构是aim A at doing sth,意思是使A有个目标，这个目标是做sth。那被动语态就是A is/was/will be aimed at doing sth. 由于我们经常不知道aim的施动者是谁，所以常用被动形式。

对于ls的第二个问题，没看到题目，也不好举例。如果ls下次做到省略的，可以给我发短信。

周一考完了，710。暑假可能再考一次。

Similar to rising interest rates,
consumer and producer prices have been rising.

(A) Similar to
rising interest rates, consumer and producer prices have been rising.

(B) Consumer and
producer prices have been rising, as have interest rates.

(C) As interest
rates are rising, so have consumer and producer prices.

(D) Consumer and
producer prices have been rising, like interest rates do.（B）

(E) Consumer and
producer prices, as interest rates, have been rising.

刚才又看到这道题，答案Ｂ，有省略意思吗？as感觉有点奇怪．．．难道是Ａ　ｄｏ　，ｊｕｓｔ　ａｓ　Ｂ　ｄｏ？ｊｕｓｔ可以省略吗？