[讨论]"oulook"每周更新的提问1

1.      Although a surge in retail sales have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally underway, many economists say that without a large amount of spending the recovery might not last.

(A)          have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally

(B)          raised hopes for there being a recovery finally

(C)         had raised hopes for a recovery finally being

(D)         has raised hopes that a recovery is finally

(E)          raised hopes for a recovery finally

Agreement + Rhetorical construction

The subject of the first clause, the singular noun surge, must take the singular verb has raised rather than the plural have raised; the context of the sentence demonstrates that the verb tense must show action continuing into the present, as the use of the present perfect does here. There is may frequently be omitted to create a more concise sentence, and that is the case here: a recovery is finally ... is a better construction.

A        Subject and verb do not agree; there is is wordy

B        Raised is the wrong verb tense;for there being is awkward and wordy

C        Had raised is the wrong verb tense;for ... being is awkward and wordy

D       Correct. In this sentence, the subject and verb agree, and the verb is in the appropriate
     tense;
     a recovery is finally is clear and concise.

E        Raised, indicating completed action, is the wrong verb tense;for a recovery finally is awkward and ungrammatical

The correct answer is D.

有什么标志性的词提示要用present perfect吗？

 5.      As its sales of computer products have surpassed those of measuring instruments, the company has become increasingly willing to compete for the mass market sales  they would in the past have conceded to rivals.

(A)       they would in the past have conceded to rivals

(B)       they would have conceded previously to their rivals

(C)       that in the past would have been conceded previously to rivals

(D)       it previously would have conceded to rivals in the past

(E)       it would in the past have conceded to rivals

Agreement + Rhetorical construction

When a number of words intervene between a pronoun and its referent, an error such as the one in this sentence is easy to make. The subject of the main clause is the singular noun company, which must be followed by the singular pronoun it.

A          Plural pronoun they does not agree with singular the company

B          Plural pronouns they and their do not agree with the company

C          Previously repeats the idea of in the past, the passive voice construction is weak and ambiguous

D         Use of both previously and in the past is redundant

E          Correct. In this concise sentence, the singular pronoun it agrees with the singular referent the company.

The correct answer is E.

         1. 拉红的sales后为什么不跟连词就接句子？

         1. 拉红的sales后为什么不跟连词就接句子？

         1. 拉红的sales后为什么不跟连词就接句子？

         1. 拉红的sales后为什么不跟连词就接句子？

2. 什么情况下连词可以省略？

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  12. After gradual declension down to about 39 hours in 1970, the workweek in the United States has steadily increased to the point that the average worker now puts in an estimated 164 extra hours of paid labor a year.

(A)          After gradual declension down

(B)          Following a gradual declension down

(C)         After gradual declining down

(D)         After gradually declining

(E)          Following gradually declining

Diction + Rhetorical construction

One of the meanings of
   declension is a decline, but
   declension is rarely, if ever, used in this sense in the modern era. Replacing declension with decline would be acceptable, but it is preferable to use the participle declining with the adverb gradually: after gradually declining. Declining shows movement in only one direction, so the redundant adverb down must be omitted.

A          Wordy, redundant, and stilted construction uses the rare declension in place of the     familiar decline

B          Construction is wordy and redundant; declension in the sense of decline is not a  familiar or
     contemporary usage

C          Declining must be modified by the adverb gradually, not the adjective
   gradual; down is redundant

D          Correct. In this sentence, after gradually declining is clear, correct, concise, and

idiomatic.

E          Phrase must be introduced by a preposition (after), not a participle (following)

The correct answer is D.

1. 拉红的E选项，介词后接phrase，什么条件构成phrase？

2. 以-ing开头的是什么情况？举例

3.  adv可以修饰participle？ 

 13. As Hurricane Hugo approached the Atlantic coast, it increased dramatically in strength, becoming the tenth most intense hurricane to hit the United States mainland in the twentieth century and most
    intense since Camille in 1969.

(A)                        most intense since Camille in 1969

(B)                        most intense after Camille in 1969

(C)                       the most intense since Camille in 1969

(D)                    the most intense after 1969, which had Camille

(E)                        since 1969 and Camille, the most intense

Idiom

The superlative form is used for comparisons involving more than two elements, and it should be used here because the comparison involves all hurricanes to hit the United States mainland in the twentieth century. Because tenth appears between the and most intense in the first phrase, the must be repeated in the second phrase: the most intense. While in some constructions, such as the most frightening and most intense, the would be understood and so would not need to be repeated, the definite article
    the is required in this
    superlative form construction.
    Since is preferable
    to
    after in this sentence because
    since emphasizes the continuity of the action.

A                    Correct idiom here is the most intense

B        Construction requires the repetition of the, since is preferable to after

C        Correct. In this sentence, the correct superlative construction is used.

D       Since is preferable to after, which had Camille is wordy and awkward

E        Inverted word order is awkward and confusing

The correct answer is C.

        1.       C选项开头的第一个单词the与原题里的the tenth most intense的“the”相重复，为什么不省略？

        1.       C选项开头的第一个单词the与原题里的the tenth most intense的“the”相重复，为什么不省略？

        1.       C选项开头的第一个单词the与原题里的the tenth most intense的“the”相重复，为什么不省略？

        1.       C选项开头的第一个单词the与原题里的the tenth most intense的“the”相重复，为什么不省略？

2.       GMAT的省略原则

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 15. The Iroquois were primarily planters, but supplementing their cultivation of maize, squash, and beans with fishing and hunting.

 15. The Iroquois were primarily planters, but supplementing their cultivation of maize, squash, and beans with fishing and hunting.

 15. The Iroquois were primarily planters, but supplementing their cultivation of maize, squash, and beans with fishing and hunting.

A.
    but supplementing

B. and had supplemented

C. and even though they supplemented

D. although they supplemented

E. but with supplementing

Grammatical construction + Verb form

The participle
    supplementing would normally be expected to modify the first clause, describing or extending its meaning, but the logic of this sentence demands a contrast, not an extension. Consequently; the second part of the sentence must be revised to emphasize the contrast properly. The logic of the sentence also argues against a construction that would set the two clauses and the importance of their content equal when they clearly should not be. The best solution is to have the main clause describe the primary activity, and a subordinate clause, although they supplemented, describe the supplementary activity.

C And does not convey contrast and should be omitted;
     and even though creates a sentence fragment ,:

D Correct. Using although creates a subordinate clause in this sentence and logically links that clause with the main clause; the simple past
     supplemented parallels the simple past were.

E But with is awkward and unclear; supplementing is a modifier when a contrasting clause is needed

The correct answer is D.

1.       but和although感情色彩上有什么区别？

2.       感觉不出为什么要选转折连词but