[求助]关于形容词后置的问题.

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-13 23:47:00

现在分词可以后置作为定语或则状语.

而如果是形容词后置,那么该形容词的修饰对象反而觉得好象不是很明确.

比如:

OG 15
15. In his research paper, Dr. Frosh, medical director of the Payne Whitney Clinic, distinguishes mood swings.which may be violent without their being grounded in mental disease, from genuine manic-depressive psychosis.
(A) mood swings, which may be violent without their being grounded in mental disease, from genuine
manic-depressive psychosis
(B) mood swings, perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease, and genuine
manic-depressive psychosis ,
(C) between mood swings, which may be violent without being grounded in mental disease, and genuine
manic-depressive psychosis
(D) between mood swings, perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease, from genuine
manic-depressive psychosis
(E) genuine manic-depressive psychosis and mood swings, which may be violent without being grounded in mental disease
Answer to Question 15
The best choice is C because it uses the idiomatically correct expression distinguishes between x and y and because it provides a structure in which the relative clause beginning which may be violent clearly modifies mood swings. The other choices use distinguishes in unidiomatic constructions. Additionally, their in A is intrusive and unnecessary, and the modifier of mood swings in B and D (perhaps violent) is awkward and less clear than the more developed clause which may be violent.

这个解释看得不是很明白.

我原本以为是:如果形容词修饰名词,不应该用逗号隔开,而应该直接接在名词的后面,这样能更明确一些.

可是OG 18
18. Each of Hemingway's wives--Hadley Richardson. Pauline Pfeiffer. Martha Gelhom. and Mary Welsh --were strong and interesting women, very different from the often pallid women who populate his novels.
(C) Hemingway's wives--Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, and Mary Welsh--were all strong and interesting women,

在这边,形容词different就后置,而且根据意思应该是修饰该句的主语Hemingway's wives.

为什么不会产生歧义就近修饰all strong and interesting women.

虽然修饰哪一个看起来好象对原句意思的理解没有什么影响.

还有一道题目:

OG 38
38. Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity
(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area
(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
All of the choices but D contain ambiguities. In A and B the words which and where appear to refer to sediments, and in E it is not clear what consistent describes. In A, C, and E, there is no logical place to which there or its could refer. In D, the best choice, the phrase sediments from the Baltic Sea tells where the sediments originate, findings provides a noun for consistent to modify, and in the area clearly identifies where the industrial activity is growing.

照OG的解释,形容词后置应该是没有办法像现在分词一样作为一种伴随结果修饰正个句子的，所以正确答案D在consistent的前面加上了finds.

我的疑问是:

形容词放在后面而且用逗号隔开,如果是为了就近修饰前面的名词,是否这样就是错误的呀!而应该直接去掉逗号和前面的被修饰的对象连接呀

就像OG15题的解释.

还请大家多多指教!

多谢!

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-1-13 23:49:53编辑过]

turtlechen · 发表于 2004-1-14 04:27:00

你的观察角度与我不同，
我认为是精简句，
Hemingway's wives--Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, and Mary Welsh--were all strong and interesting women, (who are) very different from the often pallid women who populate his novels.

38. Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of sediments from the Baltic Sea, (that is) consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

原因如下：
http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htm#elliptical_clauses

这是一种非常可恶的用法！专门欺负外国人！
我觉得能参透这一层，就好像练了太极拳一般，到达一种至高无上的境界，因为什么规则都被打破了。只剩唯一一条，
念起来很爽！

我十分感佩您的研究精神！
万分谢谢您！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-1-14 4:40:57编辑过]

feizhou · 发表于 2004-1-14 05:34:00

我的一点理解:
38. (E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
应该是修饰deposits
所以错了

feizhou · 发表于 2004-1-14 05:37:00

"我的疑问是:

形容词放在后面而且用逗号隔开,如果是为了就近修饰前面的名词,是否这样就是错误的呀!而应该直接去掉逗号和前面的被修饰的对象连接呀"

你的结论不能解决问题18呀! ?

qww · 发表于 2004-1-14 10:23:00

八戒钻研的好厉害，OG18题同意turtlechen兄的观点，省略了(who are)的结构。
OG15形容词如修饰前面的名词一般无需逗号，紧跟所修饰名词之后。which引导的非限定性定语从句好像更好修饰前面的名词，同时省略后不会产生歧意。
0G38 同意你的理解“照OG的解释,形容词后置应该是没有办法像现在分词一样作为一种伴随结果修饰正个句子的，所以正确答案D在consistent的前面加上了finds.”
这里指的是“此类科学发现”可以和.....一致。所以必须补上finding,这一词。
很多大牛说做GMAT语法题，逻辑思想第一，我感觉非常有道理。
请八戒指教。

dansy · 发表于 2004-1-14 11:25:00

同意qww GG 的意见，形容词后置应该是没有办法像现在分词一样作为一种伴随结果修饰正个句子的， 38题本应修饰finding, 加了finding构成同位语。18题，可以理解成杨鹏难句里典型的省略，即定语从句中的引导此与系动词同时省略，变成后置定语。而并非是形容词后置。

dreadpower · 发表于 2004-1-14 12:21:00

八戒兄每次的问题都让我汗~~~~~已然开始产生崇拜了

关于18和38题，完全同意楼上几位大侠的说法，并非形容词后置，是定从省略

至于第15题，我还有点看法：
1。定从省略多见于省略（which/that+ is/are/was/were），有情态动词时似乎不该省略。而如果理解perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease为省略which is,就变成which is perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease,读的就非常不爽。

2。may be是书面语，perhaps是口头语，有may be的话一般不用perhaps。

个人意见，大家讨论

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-14 12:43:00

谢谢楼上各位GG和ppmm!

我这边还有两个例子:

OG 42

42. The current administration, being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports failing to increase as a result of deep cuts in the value of the dollar, has formed a group to study ways to sharpen our competitiveness.

(C) worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and the failure of our exports

OG 162

162. Concerned at the increase in accident fatalities, Tennessee adopted a child-passenger protection law requiring the parents of children under four years of age to be restrained in a child safety seat.

对于42道题目,用省略了who is来解释没有问题.

但如何来解释162道题呢?

这边的形容词concerned是前置,(虽然位置不一样了,可是我觉得用法是一样),用定语从句的省略来看感觉不是很妥当.

我的理解是:

形容词如果和被修饰的对象分开(比如用逗号放在前面,比如OG 162,或则放在后面 OG 42 etc,甚至跳跃修饰, OG 18,这边我还觉得如果补出who are的话可能更有歧义,因为从逻辑意思来看,different 是修饰主语wivies,而不是就近修饰women的.),是为了避免产生歧义.从而单独作为修饰语,位置可以比较随意.
比如,我觉得在OG 42,把worried 放在前面也没有什么不可以的.

个人意见.....

还请大家多多批评和指点...

不尽感激........

继续讨论ing.....

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-1-14 12:44:16编辑过]

dreadpower · 发表于 2004-1-14 13:07:00

1.我觉得OG18中different就是修饰all strong and interesting women和后面的pallid women 对应

2。OG162，我觉得（Tennessee is) Concerned at the increase in accident fatalities没有什么问题，只是分词，而不是从句

qww · 发表于 2004-1-14 14:47:00

OG 42,og162 均为过去分词做状语，表示原因，修饰Tennessee。与OG18是完全不一样的。

[SC总结] [求助]关于形容词后置的问题.

[求助]关于形容词后置的问题.

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