[求助]OG119, 120 现在分词修饰对象问题

Mchao_l · 发表于 2003-10-23 23:25:00

119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A)    significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B)    significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C)    significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D)    significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E)    significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business

Choice B, the best answer, uses clear and concise phrasing to state that it is the effects of drug and alcohol abuse that already cost business the sum mentioned. In A, to business is awkwardly and confusingly inserted between cost and the prepositional phrase that modifies it, and are already a cost to business is wordy and awkward compared to cost business. In C, already with business costs of... is awkward and unclear, failing to specify that those prior effects generate the cost. Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.

也就是说, significantly compounding 现在分词修饰的对象是从句谓语growing.

120. The Parthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.
(A)    who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as
(B)    who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
(C)    who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
(D)    who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be
(E)    establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as

Choice A, the best answer, correctly supplies the past tense verbs established and used to describe two actions performed in 1456; also, it idiomatically employs the phrase used the Acropolis as a fortress, in which used as means "employed in the capacity of." Choices B and C incorrectly replace as wiui like. Furthermore, in C, when he had established a mosque distorts the intended meaning by stating that the first action was completed before the second was begun. Similarly, in D, had established... using states that Mohammed had already performed the actions before capturing Athens; and in E, establishing and using modify Athens, thus producing an absurd statement. In addition, D includes the unidiomatic construction "using x to be y."

OG说: E是错在establishing and using修饰的是从句主语Athens.

也就是说, Ving形式即可以修饰谓语,又可以修饰主语. 这对吗?
在修饰谓语和修饰主语的时候, 应该如果理解现在分词的意思, 那么的理解方法一样吗?

求XDJM给解释一下.急!!

turtlechen · 发表于 2004-1-5 01:09:00

1. OG 應該是說，E 的錯誤是establishing and using 應該用來修飾 Athens人做了這些事，但因靠近the Turkish sultan，所以會誤以為是土耳其人做了這些事，所以不妥！

2. the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, (which compounds 省略) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse
我認為是這樣省略後變成的插入修飾。

3.這裡認為 significantly compounding 修飾grow個人覺得並不恰當，應該是the use....compounds....被省略後的結果。

4. Ving 可表動詞之進行式，或動名詞。當動名詞時可具有形容詞的功用。通常表示持續進行的動作概念。

請各位多指導！

baldhead · 发表于 2004-1-5 01:36:00

agree with chen

绿水长流 · 发表于 2004-3-7 15:07:00

2.chen 的解释里(which    compounds    省略)    ~~有这样的省略吗？

可以理解为significantly    compounding    the    effects    of    drug    and    alcohol    abuse 是前句growing的伴随或结果状语吗？

120 按照 og的解释，是不是理解为established    a    mosque    in    the    building    and    used    the    Acropolis    as    a    fortress和Athens    was    taken    都是1456年发生的？

为什么who    established    a    mosque    in    the    building    and    used    the    Acropolis    as    a    fortress可以跳过the    Turkish    sultan 修饰Athens    ？正确答案中还是靠the    Turkish    sultan 近呀？

想不通，请指教，谢谢~~

lwei1016 · 发表于 2004-3-8 00:06:00

可以理解为significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse 是前句growing的伴随或结果状语吗？

我理解给是伴随的状语.句意为".......特别是夹杂滥用酒和药的影响." 望指教啊.

cocoabean · 发表于 2004-4-29 11:51:00

以下是引用turtlechen在2004-1-5 1:09:00的发言：
1. OG 應該是說，E 的錯誤是establishing and using 應該用來修飾 Athens人做了這些事，但因靠近the Turkish sultan，所以會誤以為是土耳其人做了這些事，所以不妥！

2. the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, (which compounds 省略) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse
我認為是這樣省略後變成的插入修飾。

3.這裡認為 significantly compounding 修飾grow個人覺得並不恰當，應該是the use....compounds....被省略後的結果。

4. Ving 可表動詞之進行式，或動名詞。當動名詞時可具有形容詞的功用。通常表示持續進行的動作概念。

請各位多指導！

1. OG 應該是說，E 的錯誤是establishing and using 應該用來修飾 Athens人做了這些事，但因靠近the Turkish sultan，所以會誤以為是土耳其人做了這些事，所以不妥！

狗屁, 这里好像写反了也, 应该是: E 的錯誤是establish and use 應該General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, 发出的动作，但现在establishing and using modify Athens, thus producing an absurd statement.，所以會誤以為是Athens,雅典城做了這些事，所以不妥！

2. 好像不是應該是the use....compounds....被省略後的結果。
bean基本同意significantly compounding 是growing的伴随动作, 请高人指点!

hpp920 · 发表于 2004-8-5 09:32:00

cocobean的理解是对的.

我有新问题:对于119题, ETS说:Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing

我知道答案Ｄ，Ｅ是不正确的，但对ＥＴＳ的上面的解释不理解：　ＥＴＳ是说significant in compounding 这样的形容词短语不能修饰动词做状语吗？我知道这里逻辑意思不对，　但ＥＴＳ说它ungrammatical, 但单从语法角度，形容词短语是可以修饰动词做状语的呀，　我哪里没有考虑到吗？请高人给个指正，　谢谢！

windflower560 · 发表于 2005-3-7 16:13:00

significant in doing sth,改变句意了,选项D)E).

biss33 · 发表于 2005-5-14 11:14:00

AGREE

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-5-14 11:15:18编辑过]

lyyforever · 发表于 2005-11-24 21:31:00

个人意见：分词短语前面不加逗号，就近修饰；分词短语前面加逗号，是状语表伴随。

[求助]OG119, 120 现在分词修饰对象问题

[求助]OG119, 120 现在分词修饰对象问题

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