[求助]关于OG81省略问题的请教

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-11 22:10:00

81. In 1973 mortgage payments represented twenty-one percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income;and forty-four percent in 1984.
(A) income; and forty-four percent in 1984
(B) income; in 1984 the figure was forty-four percent
(C) income, and in 1984 forty-four percent
(D) income, forty-four percent in 1984 was the figure
(E) income that rose to forty-four percent in 1984

To establish the clearest comparison between circumstances in 1973 and those in 1984, a separate clause is needed to describe each year. Choices A and C, in failing to use separate clauses, are too elliptical and therefore unclear. Choice A also incorrectly uses and and a semicolon to separate an independent clause and a phrase. Choice D incorrectly separates two independent clauses with a comma; moreover, the placement of in 1984 is awkward and confusing. In choice E, that refers illogically to income, thereby producing the
misstatement that income rather than mortgage payments rose to forty-four percent in 1984. Choice B is best;two properly constructed clauses that clearly express the comparison are separated by a semicolon.

OG中的解释用了开头一句话说需要"分号",就把C给踹了!
我觉得不是很对.
答案 B当然没有问题.
可是C呢?

我觉得C是一个很好的省略呀?

如果把C给还原补齐了,应该是这样子的:

In 1973 mortgage payments represented twenty-one percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income ,and in 1984 mortgage payments represented forty-four percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income.

完全符合省略的原则:
1、没有歧义；2、能省就省；

可是为什么不对呀?

请大家多多指教!

不胜感激!

dansy · 发表于 2004-1-11 22:38:00

and 一般连接两个名词，或是后面连接完整的句子。 C的省略不合语法。

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-11 23:48:00

以下是引用dansy在2004-1-11 22:38:00的发言：
and 一般连接两个名词，或是后面连接完整的句子。 C的省略不合语法。

多谢dansy ppmm呀!
但我还有一点小小的问题.

and作为连词来连接两个名词是没有问题的.
但在连接句子的时候,OG中有一个对and连接句子的解释便是(具体哪道题目忘了,呵..):
如果是连接句子,则and前面需要有逗号.

但如果主语一致的话,还是可以省略的.
比如以下在阅读中的例子:
The enclosed seas are an important feature of the earth’s surface, and seriously require explanation because, in addition to the enclosed seas that are developing at present behind island arcs, there are a number of older ones of possibly similar origin, such as the Gulf of Mexico, the Black Sea, and perhaps the North Sea.

In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South, where the preponderance of the Black population had been located, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it is claimed, between 1916 and 1918.

于是我想是否and连接句子的时候是否也符合省略原则.
既:主语和谓语一致的时候是可以省略的.
由此来推出本道题目C选项的正确性.
(虽然还省略了of an average thirty-year-old male's income.是不是这个原因呀?)[/B]

还请多指教!

谢谢!

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-1-11 23:49:16编辑过]

dansy · 发表于 2004-1-11 23:54:00

我是觉得C中主语省略没有问题，但是谓语(represented )都省略掉了，可以这样吗？困惑ing

.

Snazzy · 发表于 2004-1-12 01:05:00

1， C omits too much, making it a little bit vague ... B is better than C, althoug C may not be very bad. Keep in mind that ETS is looking for the best of teh 5 choices.
2、能省就省；haha ... this is a funny principle;-) don't go extreme
3, 'and ' can be used to connect noun, verb, adj and a lot more. however, it's inapproper to begin a sentence with 'and'

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-12 10:36:00

以下是引用dansy在2004-1-11 23:54:00的发言：
我是觉得C中主语省略没有问题，但是谓语(represented )都省略掉了，可以这样吗？困惑ing

.

我觉得如果是平行结构的话,主谓一致的话,是可以省略的!

请看以前牛牛斑竹山歌的精彩讲解:

以下是引用山峰在2003-4-4 10:22:00的发言：
siebel bro,

省略原则（不只是THAN）：1、没有歧义；2、能省就省；

have sth here. hope can make sense.

...，as many people live in suburb as those who live in cities.
A) 必错
B）必错
C）those who live in cities
D) those in cities
E) in cities

C是不对的。首先，当对比的部分在两个AS后指的是相同的人或物，且在第二个AS后面起主语作用时，这个主语一般是要省略的，因为AS本身就替代了主语。（请看OG132，187）。其次，句子中those引导的定语从句是一个名词性结构，只能跟第一个AS后的名词性结构平行，而不能跟第一个AS引导的整个句子平行。所以如果选C的话句子的意思就变成了：

，as many people (as those who live in cities) live in suburb.

这显然是不正确的。同理，D也是不正确的。这个句子可以用两种习惯方式表达：
1，as many people live in suburb as live in cities. Or,
2, as many people live in suburb as in cities.
所以E是正确答案。
平行省略的原则就是在不产生混淆的情况下能省则省。请看例句：
The girl ate as many apples as John.

这句话可以理解成两种意思：
1，The girl ate as many apples as John did.（第二个As后面的主语不能省略因为主语所指不同。一个是“the girl”，一个是“John”。）
2, The girl ate as many apples as (she ate) John.(hehe,她能吃得了几个John呢？第二个AS后面的主语一般也不能省略因为对比的是宾语部分。其实我觉得这里的主语真省了从语法来说也不会产生什么歧义，只不过习惯上不省略。)

但下面的这个例句中恐怕第二个AS后面的主语是要省略的：
On sunday, as many girls went to the movies as went shopping.

My two cents.

我想C的问题是否是把forty-four percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income这一部分给省略掉了!

forty-four percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income在句子中是作为宾语,至少应该表示完整吧?

继续讨论.......

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-12 10:38:00

以下是引用Snazzy在2004-1-12 1:05:00的发言：
1， C omits too much, making it a little bit vague ... B is better than C, althoug C may not be very bad. Keep in mind that ETS is looking for the best of teh 5 choices.
2、能省就省；haha ... this is a funny principle;-) don't go extreme
3, 'and ' can be used to connect noun, verb, adj and a lot more. however, it's inapproper to begin a sentence with 'and'

多谢sanzzyGG!

但我有一点不同看法.

and是可以连接句子的,前面必须用逗号隔开,如果不用逗号的话,那么是不符合GMAT语法用法的.

讨论........

Snazzy · 发表于 2004-1-12 10:43:00

以下是引用八戒在2004-1-12 10:38:00的发言：

多谢sanzzyGG!

但我有一点不同看法.

and是可以连接句子的,前面必须用逗号隔开,如果不用逗号的话,那么是不符合GMAT语法用法的.

讨论........

right, what you are talking about is still the same sentence. what i mean is that you can not use 'and' to start after a semicolon or full stop.

dansy · 发表于 2004-1-12 10:47:00

以下是引用八戒在2004-1-12 10:36:00的发言：

我觉得如果是平行结构的话,主谓一致的话,是可以省略的!

请看以前牛牛斑竹山歌的精彩讲解:

我想C的问题是否是把forty-four percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income这一部分给省略掉了!

forty-four percent of an average thirty-year-old male's income在句子中是作为宾语,至少应该表示完整吧?

继续讨论.......

八戒GG，我觉得上面的讨论是就比较结构的省略，和我们这题不一样。我们这题不是比较结构，而且and后面省略成这样，就如bird GG说的，会有歧义。

八戒 · 发表于 2004-1-12 11:40:00

我刚才又查找了一些相关的资料和以前牛牛们的讨论:

我稍微总结了一下我自己的看法:

"and" used to join two words , parts of sentence, or sentences.

连接words是没有问题的。

也可以连接parts of sentences：
问题可能就在这里，究竟and连接parts of sentences前面是否需要逗号呢？
答案是：不一定！

请看以下的例子（这些例子都是GMAT，GRE or LSAT，我想这样更能说明问题）：
Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge.

and 连接两个句子，主语一致省略，但前面并没有用逗号隔开！

The enclosed seas are an important feature of the earth’s surface, and seriously require explanation because, in addition to the enclosed seas that are developing at present behind island arcs, there are a number of older ones of possibly similar origin, such as the Gulf of Mexico, the Black Sea, and perhaps the North Sea.

and 连接两个句子，主语一致省略，但前面用逗号隔开了！

这边我还有一个问题便是OG 81 的C选项：
以前的例子中毫无疑问and连接的是parts of sentences
什么才能叫做parts of sentences？

如果只是句子中的一个words，那么是否应该看成parts of sentences，可以用逗号隔开，省略主谓语，还是不能用逗号隔开，应该直接连接在主句的后面呢？

我想问题就在这里了！

至少在目前看来，如果是words（应该仅限为名词或则名词性词组，连接动词或则介词短语，则可以用逗号隔开，比如OG105）并列的话，比如此道题目的C选项，既宾语一致的，那么and前面是不应该有逗号的。如果有反例，请大家纠正呀！[/B]

所以C选项不对！

最后一种当然是and连接sentences了！

这个OG中有很明确的解释。
and连接句子前面一定要都逗号隔开。
两个分别有独立主谓结构的并列句子中间用and连接, and前必须有逗号.

这边有一个例子需要注意：

3. The airline industry is cutting its lowest discount
  fares more widely, more substantially, and earlier this
  year than it normally does at the end of the summer,
  a time during which travel usually decreases and the
  industry uses some lower fares for the attraction of
  passengers.
  (B) during which travel usually decreases and
   therefore the industry will use some lower
   fares for the attraction of
  (C) in which travel usually decreases and in which the
   industry therefore uses some lower fares attracting
  (D) when travel usually decreases and the industry
   uses some lower fares to attract
(E) when travel usually decreases and therefore
   the industry will use lower fares for the attraction of

这个题答案是D，when引导的应该是两个并列的句子.可是and前面没有逗号,奇怪ing...

此处and后面并不是有独立主谓结构的完整句子. when是修饰并列结构中的状语.

欢迎大家继续讨论............

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-1-12 12:10:06编辑过]

[求助]关于OG81省略问题的请教

[求助]关于OG81省略问题的请教

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