修饰成分的修饰对象到底在哪里？

始终有个大问题，不是很清楚，请各位NN赐教：

限制性、非限制性定语从句；不定式；现在、过去分词这些修饰成分的修饰对象到底在哪里？

什么情况下是主句主语，什么情况下是修饰成分前的名词？

如OG38. Scientists have observed large concentrations of
heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity
(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area
(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.到底是非限制性定语从句修饰主句，还是限制性定丛修饰sediments呢