阅读36套 exe 6 求教

vcdanda · 发表于 2013-10-11 15:48:37

Some modern anthropologists hold that biological
evolution has shaped not only human morphology but
also human behavior. The role those anthropologists
Line ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of
5  human behavior but one of imposing constraints—
ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that ―come natu-
rally‖ in archetypal situations in any culture. Our
―frailties‖ –emotions and motives such as rage, fear,
greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love—may be a very mixed
10  assortment, but they share at least one immediate
quality: we are, as we say, ―in the grip‖ of them. And
thus they give us our sense of constraints.
  Unhappily, some of those frailties—our need for
ever-increasing security among them—are presently
15  maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural
detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction,
and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes.
We would need to comprehend thoroughly their
adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they
20 guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their
pressure.

2. It can be inferred that in his discussion of
maladaptive frailties the author assumes that
  (A) evolution does not favor the emergence of
adaptive characteristics over the emergence
of maladaptive ones
  (B) any structure or behavior not positively
adaptive is regarded as transitory in
evolutionary theory
  (C) maladaptive characteristics, once fixed,
make the emergence of other maladaptive
characteristics more likely
  (D) the designation of a characteristic as being
maladaptive must always remain highly
tentative
  (E) changes in the total human environment can
outpace evolutionary change

这是原题，可是为啥选e。。。题目有点看不懂啊。。。

vcdanda · 发表于 2013-10-11 15:51:12

这是答案的解析，看起来也有些莫名其妙。。。请大伙帮我解释下这个几个选项的不正常和选项的正常，谢谢！
2. "Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes." 这句话说这些不适应性在各种东西的作用下，和阑尾一样，是生物进化的正常现象。而ABCD选项都表现出（在某个方面）不正常，与文章相反，干掉。

dennyanddemi · 发表于 2013-10-14 13:54:21

这个题目最好用排除法去做
AA) evolution does not favor the emergence of
adaptive characteristics over the emergence
of maladaptive ones  文章中并没有说进化论更favor 适应的还是不适应的，没有这个比较
  (B) any structure or behavior not positively
adaptive is regarded as transitory in
evolutionary theory  短暂？这个也没有提到，直接排除
  (C) maladaptive characteristics, once fixed,
make the emergence of other maladaptive
characteristics more likely  一些不适应的特点会让其他特点的出现更有可能？完全没有提到
  (D) the designation of a characteristic as being
maladaptive must always remain highly
tentative must 术语extreme words 排除
  (E) changes in the total human environment can
outpace evolutionary change只剩下E了，这个选项的对应应该是这句话Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes." 这句话里的overlay of cultrual detail就是选项里说的human enviroment (是人类的环境而不是自然环境，那自己就是说的人类的文化了）

希望能帮到你

vcdanda · 发表于 2013-10-17 21:39:58

dennyanddemi 发表于 2013-10-14 13:54
这个题目最好用排除法去做
AA) evolution does not favor the emergence of
adaptive characteristic ...

谢谢你，回答的很有想法，不过我觉得排除的话e也可以排除，因为文中没提human environment，evolutionary change，还有你的这个借代解释的不符合ets的出题规则啊，即文中没提到的信息是不会过度推断的。

sallyjingman · 发表于 2014-9-24 00:59:57

个人观点认为，E选项应该对应的是文章的最后一句话And we might then begin to resist their
pressure。题目问的是assume （ to think that something is true or probably true without knowing that it is true），也就是问以下哪种说法，作者认为是正确的。即和作者的说法一致的。最后一句话，说明人类战胜maladaptive frailties是可能的。Human resist pressure 对应 human environment outpace evolution.

[你问我答] 阅读36套 exe 6 求教

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