绿光啊,永远不要去justify错误句子。 一个错误句子,读者甲理解成A这个意思,读者乙理解成B这个意思。这两个读者相互争论自己的理解才是正确的,有意义么?错误的句子就是错误,正因为句子错误,作者没有表达清楚他应该表达的本意,所以才会造成读者的不同理解,就这个道理。所以,我们知道这个which错了,就够了,讨论一个错误的which应该指代什么,没有任何意义,non-issue。有这功夫该去justify正确句子。
OG就直接说D句子里which就近指代"emission",这没错,你理解也没错。 但是饭饭就问了,她说:“那我可以认为 'a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission' 是一个插入的 mission-critical modifier,根据Manhattan里,exceptions to the touch-rule的第一种情况,就是存在"mission-critical" modifier的时候我们可以跳跃修饰啊....那你怎么解释?" 所以说,当时我写那段话是有目的的。因为我要跟饭饭解释,什么叫做"mission-critical" modifier。我的思路是:判断一个modifier是否"mission-critical",就把那个modifier去掉看看。所以为了检验,我才把中间那部分", called proton-induced X-ray emission,"去掉,写成了D'句子,然后在D'句子里发现很明显的问题。 逻辑上,相当于OG提出一个argument,饭饭提出质疑,我顺着饭饭的思路得出矛盾,从而反驳饭饭的对OG的质疑,也就是说就是我在strengthen the argument.
关于你新的看法.....我更愿意强调"mission-critical",因为我发现很多同学都在纠结这个跳跃修饰的问题,什么时候允许,什么时候不允许。说白了,万变不离其宗,宗就是什么叫做"mission-critical"。 比如这里就有同学提问 http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-598582-3-1.html
你再看看A: ____, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which _____ 这里"called proton-induced X-ray emission"就是missional-critical modifier。因为你假如把这部分去掉,你说"a technique",鬼知道"a technique"是啥。你必须要define,你说"a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission",这样读者才知道你说的是什么。所以这个句子里,which就跳跃了"mission-critical modifier",然后就近修饰"technique".
不要把CEO那个例子和"a way of dodging the opponents"混为一谈。"a way of dodging the opponents"就是在诠释什么叫做"mission-critical modifier".
今天再看,又不懂了。 Originally developed for detecting air pullutants, a technique called proton-included X-ray emission,which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine,archaeology,and criminology. D. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destorying it baby姐说: 那么在你给的107D: D. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destorying it 你来试试把中间那个你认为的"A short non-essential phrase" that "intervenes and is set off by comma"部分去掉看看: 107D'. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destorying it 看到了吧,这个which怎么看怎么不对....第一,which该换成that; 第二,语法上看应该就近修饰"air pollutants",但与逻辑意思不符 |
但是OG说的是which有指代emission的嫌疑,但是A没有。which应该也可以跳跃修饰,见P234 A new CEO has been hired who....的例子。 现在我有点新的看法,不知道对不对: “a technique called proton-included X-ray emission,which” 类似与 He had a way of dodging opponents that...这里面of结构放在别处很awkward,且本身很短,所以that就可以跳跃修饰了。 但是,“ A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which” 里面called proton-induced ... 明显是被隔开的,则不适于跳跃修饰原则(这个解释感觉不好);感觉yiayia的解释可以apply here:这里面technique离的太远了,跳跃困难。
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我知道不能再牛角了现在,但是考虑到which/that的跳跃修饰还是比较important的一点,再来发问。 -- by 会员 miss绿光 (2012/2/15 23:11:27)
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