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发表于 2011-5-8 11:27:53
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分词——>现在分词
有逗号à，Ving在句首: Ving,SVO-à考逻辑主语
连词+Ving，连词+ADJ，介词+Ving,介词短语
Ving在句尾：SVO,Ving--à按逻辑来判断
连词+Ving，连词+ADJ，介词+Ving,介词短语
具体：首先，看是否能表示与SVO中的谓语伴随动作（=动作是否与V同时发生），如果同时发生，则往这个方向入手判断。
如果不行，再看是否表示SVO造成的结果/具备的动作，如果是这个，则从这个方向入手判断。
如果以上均不是，则考虑Ving作定语修饰前面的名词的情况。
这也就体现了所谓的句尾，Ving优先从状语入手，其次看定语的原则
例题：
Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
Ns, having done….., are doing sth.……
此题：have amassed &drawing 不可能同时发生，也不可能表示结果
所以，就考虑其做定语（=形容词）的作用
例题：（OG12）
sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun's poles or equator.
选项： appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at
Sunspots,…………,appear as ………, although having been sighted
同理：，although having been sighted 不表示功能结果/伴随动作。那就考虑它作定语修饰紧挨着的名词Sun,但是很明显这个应该说sunspots having been sighted。所以，支持OG解释：although从句无主语（=这个地方绝对不是状语从句省略）
无逗号-à现在分词只能做修饰语（定语），修饰较近的名词
注：目前没有碰到反例
分词——>过去分词
有逗号à，Ved在句首: Ved,SVO-à考逻辑主语
连词+Ved，连词+ADJ，介词+Ved,介词短语
Ved在句尾：SVO,Ved-à就近修饰名词
以上如果不通（逻辑），则错
无逗号->,句首或尾，V-ed均修饰离其较近的名词
例题：（OG12）
sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun's poles or equator.
选项：appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at
sighted修饰dark spots,不符合原文想修饰sunspots，所以同意官方解释although从句没有谓语没有主语（注意：这个地方绝对不是考察状语从句省略）
额外补充：（Welcome,版主，NN，大家补充）
OG12-26，emily’s letters
当SVO,DOING中如果：1）SVO是被动结构
2）DOING被前面分句表示成直接或间接造成的结果
如果以上条件均满足，则不要优先选则该选项（MAN-GMAT：因为各个分句独立）
补充--5.15
doing跟在主系表结构后面可以修饰整个结构，但是也有其特殊之处，比如不坐伴随结果状语。
因为是主系表结构，所以主句描述的并不是一个动作，而是一个状态。对于一个状态，我们没有结果可言，所以就不存在做伴随结果状语了
Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.
A.Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated
B.Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated
C.Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating
D.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated
E.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating
题目：来源：
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-542393-1-1.html
同样的emily's letter可以用上面这个解释
之前惭愧没有看到这个帖子
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发表于 2011-5-8 11:27:13
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发表于 2011-5-8 16:36:46
