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In this argument, the author reaches the conclusion that in order to lose weigh, people who consumer the artificial sweetener aspartame had better change to consumer sugar. To strengthen this conclusion, the author cites the result of a study as the example that high level consumption of aspartame could trigger a craving for food. In addition, studies show that consuming sugar can enhance the body’s ability of burning fat after a certain period of continuous exercise. However, the line of reason is not convincing in several aspects.                 (87)

At the first place, the author’s conclusion is questionable because the author uses the evidence relating to a particular situation as the basis of the general situations. The evidence is the example cited that consuming of a chemical that registers satiety. The example is based on the special situation consuming high level of aspartame; however, no evidence tells us that the amount of normal consumption is as high as the amount called “high level” in the example. Perhaps the amount of aspartame in daily consumption is moderate, which cannot reach the high level in the example.

Moreover, the meaning of the term “high level of aspartame” is vague, no detailed statistic provided, which could not tell us how much aspartame consumed can be defined as “high level”.          (127)

In the second place, to support the conclusion, the author cites the study that reveals sugar can promote the body’s ability to burn fat after at least45 minutes of continuous exercise. However, this reason is oversimplified and thus cannot support the argument. As the author has focused only on sugar, this leaves open possibility that factors other than consuming sugar are responsible for enhancing the body’s ability to burn fat. For example, perhaps at least 45 minutes long of continuous exercise could improve the ability of burning fat without consuming sugar and thus it is possible to attribute enhancing the ability of burning fat to exercise itself. Therefore, the author cannot conclude sugar has this advantage unless conducting a more detailed analysis that could prove the real cause of improvement of burning fat is sugar.              (135)

Last but not least, even though it is proved that sugar can enhance the body’s ability to burn fat and thus help people lose weigh, the line of reasoning is fallacious. Because no evidence states that aspartame does not have the same advantage as sugar does. Perhaps aspartame can also promote the body’s ability to burn fat, or it can achieve even better effectiveness that that of sugar. Therefore, contrasting the difference between sugar and aspartame without involving the merits of aspartame is absurd.  (84)

As it stands, the conclusion is unwarranted and misleading because of these fallacies. To make it more logically satisfactory, the author should provide more evidence that normal consumption of aspartame in our daily lives is high level that could induce the craving for food. Additionally the amount of aspartame called “ high level” must be clearly defined. The author also should conduct a more comprehensive analysis to prove the sugar is real source of enhancing one’s ability to burn fat. And detailed information is needed to show that aspartame lack this ability as sugar does. Only then can we ultimately accept the conclusion the author made. (106)

唉，最近AWA版人烟稀少，自己顶