ChaseDream2008prep逻辑笔记v4.0版本正式发布，2023.04更新

clarissaren

谢谢  拿来学习了

huagulong

无私共享，顶

狮子王姐

谢谢，支持

jenniferaiai

DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

justinlee17

这个真的很有用。

raining3023

逻辑笔记99题，我的理解是因果，结论是such water would be useful in improving physical performance. However说明黑体字是削弱项，那么应该找另一个原因

raining3023

75.​

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the reasoning in the passage?

Kernland’s government restricts the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure a low-cost supply for domestic processing plants.  Though the policy constrains farm income and limits the number of farmers who can profitably grow cashews, the government defends it on the grounds that, since the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the restrictions would hurt efforts to reduce urban unemployment.  However, the policy may actually have contributed to urban unemployment, since __________.

A. a lack of profitable crops is driving many small cashew farmers in Kernland off their land and into the cities
B. some of the by-products of cashew processing are used as raw materials by other industries located in Kernland’s cities
C. the government does not place similar restrictions on the export of any crop other than cashews
D. the income earned by workers in the processing plants is generally greater than that earned by agricultural laborers in rural areas
E. without governmental aid in some form, Kernland’s cashew processing plants would not be able to compete for sales in world markets
我觉得应该是因果而不是方案，从though开始就是方案论证，结论是限制未加工的腰果出口可以降低失业率。however就是要找削弱项

raining3023

对于逻辑笔记107有疑问。
107.       

Twenty years ago, Balzania put in place regulations requiring operators of surface mines to pay for the reclamation of mined-out land.  Since then, reclamation technology has not improved.  Yet, the average reclamation cost for a surface coal mine being reclaimed today is only four dollars per ton of coal that the mine produced, less than half what it cost to reclaim surface mines in the years immediately after the regulations took effect.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the drop in reclamation costs described?

A. Even after Balzania began requiring surface mine operators to pay reclamation costs, coal mines in Balzania continued to be less expensive to operate than coal mines in almost any other country.
B. In the twenty years since the regulations took effect, the use of coal as a fuel has declined from the level it was at in the previous twenty years.
C. Mine operators have generally ceased surface mining in the mountainous areas of Balzania because reclamation costs per ton of coal produced are particularly high for mines in such areas.
D. Even after Balzania began requiring surface mine operators to pay reclamation costs, surface mines continued to produce coal at a lower total cost than underground mines.
E. As compared to twenty years ago, a greater percentage of the coal mined in Balzania today comes from surface mines.

根据定义，类比模式推理：
题型特点：不是简单的两个事情相比，而是把两个事情（A，B）的相同点列出来，然后再给出A的一个特点，推理B案例也应该有这个特点。(B中的这个特点是结论)
有且只有两个CQ（也就是削弱方向）
1: A和B两个案例真的相似么？（只要说到了A和B两个案例之间的一个可能的不相似点就可以削弱这个推理。）
2：是否存在一个反案例C呢？（能不能找到一个C，使得其具有AB的相似点，但是不具有结论中的要推断的相似点。）

但是本题显然只有提到了一个相似点，即 reclamation technology 一样，除此之外并没有根据20年前的某一个特点而推断出二十年后也应具有某一个特点，不能算是类比吧 。
我觉得是因果，因为技术没变，所以费用也应该不变。但实际20年后的费用低了，就是削弱。答案C是说技术没变但开采的地方不一样，属于CQ2：干扰因素（原文的前提加上选项就不一定可以得出结果了。）

raining3023

我问题好多呀，求Helr速来答疑！！

raining3023

又有问题了，75题和111内容基本一样，答案内容也一样，为什么75是方案而111是因果呢？
75和109的模式也差不多，都是有一个方案，75表述为the policy, 109表述为 manager is proposing，然后这个方案可能会带来不好的后果，75为限制农民的收入，109为增加费用。最后都被反驳，75说这样做可以降低城市失业率，109说包装成品的增加和退货成本的减少正好相抵，费用没有增加。但是为什么75是方案，而109是类比呢？