请求大牛一道简单但我想不通的语法题

cuishiliu

Prep2012-Pack1-SC-070 VSC004360 hard
In July 1965 Mariner IV passed by Mars and took the first-ever close-up photographs of another
planet, which showed that the Martian surface was like that of the Moon's in that it was pockmarked by moonlike craters and was dry and apparently dead.
A. which showed that the Martian surface was like that of the Moon's in that it was pockmarked by moonlike craters and was dry and apparently dead
B. which showed a dry, apparently dead Martian surface, and it was pockmarked by craters like the Moon has
C. which showed the Martian surface as a dry, apparently dead one, which was pockmarked with craters such as the Moon's
D. photos showing the Martian surface to be that of the Moon's, dry and apparently dead, and it was pockmarked by moonlike craters
E. photos that showed a dry, apparently dead Martian surface pockmarked with craters like those on the Moon
Rhetorical construction; Idiom
The sentence explains that close-up photographs of the Martian surface revealed features comparable to those of the Moon's surface. The use of a relative pronoun which to refer to the information in the first clause is imprecise and confusing; a superior version of the sentence clarifies the subject with an appositive that names photos as the data source informing the comparison between lunar and Martian surfaces.
A. The reference of the relative pronoun which is ambiguous. The double possessive of the moon's is redundant and wordy.
B. The references of the pronouns which and it are ambiguous; the comparative term like should be used to compare two nouns or noun phrases, not a noun (craters) and a clause (the Moon has).
C. The reference of which is ambiguous; the preposition as is not idiomatic in the expression showed it as and should be replaced by to be (showed it to be).
D. The double possessive of the Moon's is redundant and wordy. Introducing a new clause to add an adjective after a series of adjectives describing the subject of the new clause is unnecessarily wordy.
E. Correct. The subject photos clarifies what showed this view of the Martian surface; the sentence is direct and economical, and the comparative term like correctly compares two craters and those.
The correct answer is E.


我想知道e是不是一个完整的句子？
我想应该不是，因为逗号后面都没有连接词连接两个句子，况且主语是photos，但是我实在找不出谓语在哪
如果不是完整的句子，答案e是叫什么呢，和主句的关系是什么


跪谢

cuishiliu

In July 1965 Mariner IV passed by Mars and took the first-ever close-up photographs of another
planet, which showed that the Martian surface was like that of the Moon's in that it was pockmarked by moonlike craters and was dry and apparently dead.
红色是划线部分

暴躁的大叔

独立主格结构，修饰前面的主句。曼哈顿第242页。

cuishiliu

暴躁的大叔 发表于 2014-9-6 18:15
独立主格结构，修饰前面的主句。曼哈顿第242页。

大叔你好
你说是独立主格结构，独立主格是主语加非谓语，这里的非谓语是哪个？
而且，这里有一个that
这句话会不会是同位语呢。。

暴躁的大叔

cuishiliu 发表于 2014-9-6 22:01
大叔你好
你说是独立主格结构，独立主格是主语加非谓语，这里的非谓语是哪个？
而且，这里有一个that

大叔眼瞎了！D项才是独立主格。对，E项是同位语。修饰前面的photography。

cuishiliu

暴躁的大叔 发表于 2014-9-6 22:56
大叔眼瞎了！D项才是独立主格。对，E项是同位语。修饰前面的photography。

谢谢
上过新东方的gmat

记得一个老师的笔记，
常见的错误句子形式有一种：SVO, conj+noun (+that clause)
这里的e选项是SVO, noun that

是不是句子逗号后面可以加noun that 的形式吖？？这一般都是同位语吗？
如果加了连接词就错了，我可以理解为加连接词必须后面是并列形式或者有完整的句子，而noun that 不是句子？

暴躁的大叔

cuishiliu 发表于 2014-9-6 23:23
谢谢
上过新东方的gmat

comma+noun就是同位语，修饰comma前面的名词，这道题这里有点跳跃修饰，至于同位语后面可以用that结构也可以加Ved Ving的结构修饰这个同位语。

ashlyzhu

同位语的修饰对象名词或名词短语或者代词
同位语的结构特征：
1 起修饰作用的，一般用于修饰名词或者名词短语，同位语解释的是整个名词，不是名词短语中的某个词，故同位语修饰不是核心词修饰
2 必须对修饰对象具有解释力
3 不影响主谓一致（谓语应该和主语保持一致，not同位语）
4位置：名词前或者名词后，一般在修饰对象的后面
5同位语结构中名词的数可以和其修饰对象的数不一致
同位语结构的形式：
1名词性同位语：名词解释名词
    N.,    N
    N.,   a/an  N          或者a/an  N.,   N
   the   N.,   N
2 内容具体化同位语，抽象名词theory/evidence/belief/priciple that从句对抽象名词进行具体化解释
3概括性同位语，用一个概括性的名词去概括前面的修饰对象 短语 句子  N   THAT/DOING/DONE（本题就是N that）
   

cuishiliu

暴躁的大叔 发表于 2014-9-6 23:41
comma+noun就是同位语，修饰comma前面的名词，这道题这里有点跳跃修饰，至于同位语后面可以用that结构也 ...

能给我举个栗子嘛
n＋ved／ving 的同位语

cuishiliu

ashlyzhu 发表于 2014-9-7 11:01
同位语的修饰对象名词或名词短语或者代词
同位语的结构特征：
1 起修饰作用的，一般用于修饰名词或者名词短 ...

noun＋doing／done 的同位语能举个栗子么 亲？
我肯定见，但没有留意过。。。