请问大家几道PP語法

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test1

15. Because of _________ diversity, seven
   separate groupings or divisions of algae
   have been established by botanists.

               A them  
               B so that  
               C those  
               D their  

Why "those" is not correct? What's "so that" mean, and how to use this phrase?

17. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys
   on penguins and other seals.

                A that normally  
                B of which it normally  
                C normally  
                D that it normally  

normally preys on... 在句子中是作什么成份?总觉得在"pinniped"后应有个名词，再接一个定语从句．

71. The coal industry is important to every industrial
   nations because most other industries are directly
   or indirectly dependent on it.

Why choose "every"?

98. The Hopi, descendants of the prehistoric Anasazi
   people, are a Pueblo people who of the southwestern
   United States.

Why "are a Pueblo people" is correct? how to revise "people who", just delete "who"?

113. In the United States, the first roads were paved in
    colonial times, first with logs, latest with cobblestones
    or brick, depending on the region.

Why choose "latest"? How to revise?

140. It is said that no potential frontier has such fired
    the imagination or challenged the ingenuity of
    humankind as has space.

How to revise? "Such" -> "as"?

test2

27. While the term “harmony” suggests a pleasant or
   agreeable sound, it is applied to any combination
   of notes, _________ consonant or dissonant.

                      A which  
                      B such  
                      C neither  
                      D whether  
"whether"是连词吗？连词后可以直接跟形容词吗？＂whether consonant or dissonant"在句子中是什么成份？

43. Including land and water, the state of Alaska ________
   an area of 1,530,700 square kilometers, equal to about
   one-sixth of the size of the United States.

                  A having  
                  B where there is  
                  C which is  
                  D has
Why use "has", not "having"? 不是＂the state of Alaska" 作主语，＂equal to"作谓语吗？如果用＂has＂不是有两个谓语了吗？

65. Photographer Edward Steichen constantly
   experimented new techniques and materials
   in his quest to have photography accepted
   as a creative art.

how to revise? "experimented new"->"experimented with new"?

137. Working by chemical reaction, and being
    independence of atmospheric oxygen, rockets are
    used to power interplanetary space vehicles.

How to revise? "by"->"with"?

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-7-23 12:18:07编辑过]

yongchou

test1-17
"总觉得在"pinniped"后应有个名词"
Check the dictionary please, it's not a ---ed.(PP), pinni + ped

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-7-23 14:33:05编辑过]

困难是弹簧

The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys
   on penguins and other seals.

                A that normally  
                B of which it normally  
                C normally  
                D that it normally  

**************
the +adj 也能表一类人或物。所以可不加名词。normally preys on做从句谓语。


71. The coal industry is important to every industrial
   nations because most other industries are directly
   or indirectly dependent on it
**************
every+复数名词错。

98. The Hopi, descendants of the prehistoric Anasazi
   people, are a Pueblo people who of the southwestern
   United States.

****************
people who----> people
people=民族。


113. In the United States, the first roads were paved in
    colonial times, first with logs, latest with cobblestones
    or brick, depending on the region.
************
latest--->later

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thanks, yongchou and TT.

17. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys
   on penguins and other seals.

                A that normally  
                B of which it normally  
                C normally  
                D that it normally

i looked up "pinniped", it's not pinni+ped, but  adj. ÷¢×ãÀàµÄ. I agree with TT, the +adj 也能表一类人或物。所以可不加名词. But if "normally preys on做从句谓语", the subject of this clause can be ignored?

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Please continue to help me with other tests, thanks. BTW, why not we write a note about how to answer every test in PP structure. I think others will benefit from it too.

lucyyyh

43. Including land and water, the state of Alaska ________
   an area of 1,530,700 square kilometers, equal to about
   one-sixth of the size of the United States.

                  A having  
                  B where there is  
                  C which is  
                  D has
Why use "has", not "having"? 不是＂the state of Alaska" 作主语，＂equal to"作谓语吗？如果用＂has＂不是有两个谓语了吗？

*************
has在这里做谓语,equal to 在这里应该是做补语.补充说明area的大小,或者说是表伴随状态,它其实相当于which are equal to.... 如果用having, an area 成了定语修饰the state,那么比较的对象就变了.

lucyyyh

65. correct.
137. independence-------> independent

困难是弹簧

But if "normally preys on做从句谓语", the subject of this clause can be ignored?

定语从句先行词必须在句中做成分， 这里先行词the only pinniped做that引导的句子的主语。

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不好意思，看错答案了，以为是C“--”normally". 再解弹簧，你的讲解很清楚。