OG 210 平行问题求教

sunder

题和OG解释如下。我想问可不可以这样考虑而选B: a giant fungus that is...and (that) extends...
自己给想了两个不选B的理由，不知道哪个更充分些:
1.定语丛句并列,前面有that的后面的that不能省
2.就意思方面的考虑。修饰tentacles更好?和spawned by a single...对照更好？

谢谢

210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
A.    extending
B.    extends
C.    extended
D.    it extended
E.    is extending
Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal relationships; A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending ... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in the past.

anchoret

分词的平行结构：
spawned by ....... and extanding........

共同修饰同一个主语

sunder

thanks. anchoret.    also for you advice of "PP3" for my plan.
"extending" is quite ok.  meanwhile, I hope to find some way preventing myself to choose answers resembling B in 210 again.

我爱宝宝

a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

我选了a，但长久以来都认为extending是修饰tentacles ,感觉意思更符合常理。

a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

请nn指点。

QQ虫

麻烦哪位大侠再解释解释这题, extending究竟是修饰tentacles还是和is 并列呀??????

为什么不能选c呀?好像有extend的题都有点搞!ft!

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-2-13 16:47:36编辑过]

wang_xian

c如果 看成是过去时的话与is不平行，看成过去分词的话表被动不符合逻辑

Mayanist

以下是引用我爱宝宝在2004-5-1 2:47:00的发言：

a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

我选了a，但长久以来都认为extending是修饰tentacles ,感觉意思更符合常理。

a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles
            spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago
            and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

请nn指点。

这个题目困扰我几次了。现在发现通过思考这个问题反而让我清晰了一点：

1）of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles 连在一起修饰 filigree，然后 spawned ... and extending ... 修饰 filigree。

2)  为什么不选B使得extends与is并列，即为什么不是用两个定语从句修饰 a giant fungus？首先如果去掉 is ... and这一部分， a giant fungus that extends ...也是行的，但是如果考虑到 a giant fungus 是 the largest and oldest living organism 的同位语，那么我们希望一个定语从句修饰这个同位语的话，定语从句中就要同时反应the largest and oldest living两个（实际上是3个，包括living）特性。定语从句首先讲了 that is an interwoven filigree，然后我们就从几个方面讲述这个interwoven filigree。spawn ... 表述了the oldest, extending ... 同时表述the largest 和 living。

请讨论。谢谢！

Mayanist

以下是引用sunder在2003-7-23 11:59:00的发言：
题和OG解释如下。我想问可不可以这样考虑而选B: a giant fungus that is...and (that) extends...
自己给想了两个不选B的理由，不知道哪个更充分些:
1.定语丛句并列,前面有that的后面的that不能省
2.就意思方面的考虑。修饰tentacles更好?和spawned by a single...对照更好？

谢谢

210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
A. extending
B. extends
C. extended
D. it extended
E. is extending
Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal relationships; A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending ... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in the past.

确实如你所说：.定语丛句并列,前面有that的后面的that不能省，否则句子不完整，见下面OG对D解释：

OG10 Q34.  A report by the American
      Academy for the Advance­ment of Science has concluded that much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North Ameri­cans are exposed comes from the incineration of wastes.

(A)   much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North Americans are exposed comes

(B)   much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins that North Americans are exposed to come

(C)   much of the dioxins that are currently uncon­trolled and that North Americans are exposed to comes

(D)   many of the dioxins that are currently uncontrolled and North Americans are exposed to
    come

(E)   many of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to
    which North Americans are exposed come

Choices A, B, and C are flawed because the countable noun dioxins should be modified by many rather than much, which is used with uncountable nouns such as "work" and "happi­ness." In addition, both A and C incorrectly use the singular verb comes with the plural noun dioxins. Choices C and D are needlessly wordy, and D requires that before North Americans, to be grammatically complete. Choice E, the best answer, is both grammatically correct and concise.

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-2-3 5:40:12编辑过]

wentaow2008

  Thanks for sharing!

xxxyyyzzz1

“2)  为什么不选B使得extends与is并列，即为什么不是用两个定语从句修饰 a giant
fungus？首先如果去掉 is ... and这一部分， a giant fungus that extends
...也是行的，但是如果考虑到 a giant fungus 是 the largest and oldest living organism 的同位语，那么我们希望一个定语从句修饰这个同位语的话，定语从句中就要同时反应the largest and oldest living两个（实际上是3个，包括living）
特性。定语从句首先讲了 that is an interwoven filigree，然后我们就从几个方面讲述这个interwoven
filigree。spawn ... 表述了the oldest, extending ... 同时表述the largest 和
living。”


如果是B的话，要加and that...
因为和前面的that is 并列太远了，要加上才能让结构清晰

但是我还是不明白为什么-ed和-ing平行啊？